Eastern Mediterranean

Question 1

Who is most responsible for the success of the modern Israeli wine industry? Why?

Answer 1

Baron Edmond de Rothschild

• Owner of Ch. Lafite, weathly Jewish-European family
• in the 1880s he invested State of the art equipment and cuttings from Lafite
• Winery established at this time is now Carmel

Question 2

Which winery dominated the Israeli market in the 20th cent?

Answer 2

Carmel

1960s owned 90% of vineyards

Question 3

Which major winery of Israel was founded in the 1980s?

Answer 3

Golan Heights (1983)

Question 4

name a few boutique Israeli wineries est. in the 1990s

Answer 4

Ch. Margalit (1989), Dom. du Castel

Question 5

What are primary tenants of Kosher winemaking?

Answer 5

1. foundational principle is once harvested, grapes and wine are only handled by Sabbath-observing Jews
2. Operations may not occur on Sabbath
3. All materials must be kosher certified

Question 6

what is mevushal?

Answer 6

most stringent kosher certification. Requires flash-pasteurization

Question 7

Name some Kosher bottlings by international producers?

Answer 7

Ch. Smith Haut Lafitte
Ch. Valandraud
Ch de la Tour
González Byass (Tío Pepe)

Question 8

What are primary varietals of Israel?

Answer 8

BDX and Rhône Reds (CS, Merlot, Shiraz, Carignan)

Whites (Chardonnay, SB, Viognier)

Ind Grapes (Marawi, Dabouki)

Question 9

What is general topography of Golan Heights

Answer 9

Mountainous volcanic plateau

Question 10

Where is Golan Heights in Israel?

Answer 10

NE corner of country, overlooks Lebanon and Syria

Question 11

soils of Golan Heights?

Answer 11

tufa and basalt (volcanic derived)

Question 12

What are subregions of Galilee

Answer 12

Upper and Lower Galilee

Question 13

What is major geo feature of Galilee?

Answer 13

Lake Galilee

Question 14

Where is Galilee in Israel?

Answer 14

meets Golan Heights to the West

Question 15

major soils of Galilee?

Answer 15

diverse limestone, volcanic, terra rossa

Question 16

What borders Upper Galilee to the North?

Answer 16

Lebanon’s Anti-Lebanon Range

Question 17

Where is Mt. Tabor?

Answer 17

Lower Galilee

Question 18

What is major geo feature of Judean Hills?

Answer 18

Central Mtn Range

Question 19

soils of Judean Hills?

Answer 19

terra rossa topsoil w/ limestone

Question 20

Where is the home of the OG Rothschild plantings in Israel?

Answer 20

Mt. Carmel in Judean Hills

Question 21

What is Ancient Phoenicia credited with in regards to wine?

Answer 21

maritime traders credited w/ creating commercial wine trade

Question 22

Who is largest producer in Lebanon today?

Answer 22

Ch. Ksara

est by Jesuit missionaries in 1857

Question 23

What is major region of Lebanon?

Answer 23

Bekaa Valley (none official)

Question 24

What 2 mtn ranges border Bekaa Valley?

Answer 24

Mt. Lebanon Range (West)

Anti-Lebanon Mtns (East)

Question 25

What river runs through Bekaa Valley?

Answer 25

Litani River

Question 26

soil of Bekaa Valley?

Answer 26

alluvial

Question 27

What part of Bekaa Valley is most planted? Why?

Answer 27

"Western" (although geographically south) Bekaa cooler, wetter area of the region

Question 28

What are major varieties of Lebanon?

Answer 28

- BDX and Rhône Reds (CS, Merlot, CF, Syrah, Mourvèdre, etc - French Whites (Chard, SB, Sémillon, Muscat) - Ind. Whites (Obaideh, Merweh)

Question 29

What are major varieties of Lebanon?

Answer 29

- BDX and Rhône Reds (CS, Merlot, CF, Syrah, Mourvèdre, etc - French Whites (Chard, SB, Sémillon, Muscat) - Ind. Whites (Obaideh, Merweh)

Question 30

What country is most associated w/ Arak? What is it?

Answer 30

Lebanon - Unsweetened, grape-derived, anise-flavored spirit - Served similar to traditional abstinthe/pernod service

Question 31

name producers of Lebanon

Answer 31

Ch Musar, Ch Ksara

Question 32

What Mtn range is most important to Cyprus?

Answer 32

Troodos Mtn Range (central on island)

Question 33

soil of Cyprus?

Answer 33

diverse volcanic

Question 34

how many PDOs of Cyprus? How many are used?

Answer 34

7 | only 1, Commandaria, is used

Question 35

What is Commandaria?

Answer 35

- World’s oldest continually produced named wine produced on Cyprus - Documented as early as 800 BCE - Red Mavro and white Xynisteri, bush vines, sun-dried

Question 36

What are PGIs of Cyprus

Answer 36

4, named after cities, preferred by producers a. Larnaka b. Lemesos c. Lefkosia d. Pafos

Question 37

major grapes of Cyprus?

Answer 37

Ind reds -Mavro Island’s most planted grape Ind whites - Xynisteri most planted white - Potential for quality - Means “lacking acidity”

Question 38

Why is Turkey the 5th largest producer of wine grapes?

Answer 38

most used for Raki, an anise-flavors spirit like Arak

Question 39

Where is the likely origin of the first domesticated grape vine? evidence?

Answer 39

Turkey Archeological evidence of grape seeds as early as 9,000 BCE

Question 40

What are major varieties of Turkey?

Answer 40

Int’l=CS, Merlot, SB, Grenache, Tempranillo favored by consumers Ind=Öküzgözü, Kalecik Karası, Boğazkere (reds), Narince, Emir (whites)

Question 41

What are major regions of Turkey?

Answer 41

all unofficial Thrace Aegean Area Anatolia

Question 42

Which region of Turkey is responsible for the majority of viticulture?

Answer 42

Aegean area is more than 1/2 of production

Question 43

What is the name of Heineken's Egyptian winery?

Answer 43

Gianaclis

Question 44

What are 2 wineries of Jordan?

Answer 44

both Christian St. George Jordan River

Question 45

What is major Mtn Range of Syria?

Answer 45

Coastal Mtn Range

Question 46

What is predominant producer of Syria's Coastal Mtn Range? Famous consultant?

Answer 46

Dom de Bargylus Stéphane Derenoncourt