Eating Disorders Flashcards
(41 cards)
What is an eating disorder?
Symptoms serve some kind of purpose that goes beyond weight loss, food as comfort, an addiction, and beyond a need to feel special or in control
What are five examples of purpose?
- Comfort
- Numbing
- Cry for help
- Self-punishment
- Avoidance of intimacy
What are ED’s not?
- Vanity (self-love or self-absorption)
- Diets
- Obsession with food
- Obsession with exercise
- Fun
- Easy to treat
- Discriminatory-they affect all cultures and socioeconomic levels
Describe disordered eating.
Problematic eating patterns that are not practiced at a high enough frequency or severity to merit the formal diagnosis of an eating disorder (still very serious)
What is the progression of disordered eating?
No disordered eating thoughts or behaviors, some thoughts and behaviors, frequent thoughts and behaviors, severe eating disorder
What percent of disordered eating will progress to an eating disorder?
40%
What are a few factors that influence an eating disorder?
- Genetics
* Comorbid disorders (occurring at the same time or one another)
What are a few comorbid disorders?
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Attention deficit disorder/attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- Post-traumatic stress disorder
- Obsessive compulsive disorder-restrictive ED
- Addiction-40% of substance abuse patients have an eating disorder (often lead to binge eating)
- Borderline personality disorder
What are a few factors influencing ED?
• Significant weight loss as a child or adolescent due to illness
• Neonatal and maternal factors (prematurity, SGA, or experiences in utero
• Trauma (changing schools, including starting college, interpersonal event such as sexual assault)
• Media
• Environment
-peers
-family-history of chronic diets, stress example separation/divorce enmeshment
What is an enmeshed family?
Family that allows individual members little or no autonomy or personal boundaries-strongly discouraged from developing their own feelings and preferences
What are the SCOFF questions?
- Do you make yourself Sick because you feel uncomfortably full?
- Do you worry that you have lost Control over how much you eat?
- Have you recently lost more than One stone (14lbs) in a 3-month period?
- Do you believe yourself to be fat when others say you are too thin?
- Would you say that Food dominates your life?
What are the seven types of eating disorders and what are the three most important?
- Pica
- Rumination Disorder
- Anorexia Nervosa (AN)
- Bulimia Nervosa (BN)
- Binge-eating disorder (BED)
- Avoidant/Restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID)
- Other specified feeding or eating disorder (OSFED)
What is PICA characterized by?
Eating inedible things or craving and chewing substances that have no nutritional value
What do people with PICA normally eat?
- Ice
- Clay
- Dirt
- Paper
- Paint
- Hair
What is rumination disorder described as?
Regurgitating and re-swallowing food (may start with GERD) but is comforting to the person
What provides a protective effect against AN?
Testosterone (reason men are less affected)
Which eating disorder has the highest death rate?
AN
What are three areas of the body anorexics are proud of?
Collar bones, hip bones, thigh gap
Define restricting type of AN.
Weight loss primarily achieved through dieting/fasting/excessive exercise
Define binge-eating/purging type of AN.
Energy restriction with the presence of episodes of binge eating or purging
What results in difficult decision making for people with ED?
Insula in the brain
What are a few medical complications of AN?
- Bradycardia, hypotension
- Mitral valve prolapse (common)
- Arrhythmias
- Refeeding syndrome
- ECHO changes
- Dry skin, Alopecia, Lanugo hair
- Constipation
Define Binge eating.
Eating a large amount of food in a short period of time. (A sense of lack of control)
How do people that binge eat purge food?
- Vomiting
- Laxatives
- Fasting for days (following a binge)
- Excessive exercise (more common in men)
