Eating disorders Flashcards
1
Q
Key factors about eating disorders
A
- In developed countries → higher rates of eating disorders than meningococcal disease in children
- Greater incidence compared to TIIDM and IBD
2
Q
Epidemiology of eating disorders
A
- Peaks at mid teens to mid twenties
- Affects all areas of student life
3
Q
Screening tools for eating disorders
A
- SCOFF questionnaire
- Make yourself sIck because you feel uncomfortably full
- Worry about having lost control over how much you eat
- Lost more than one stone (5.35kg) in three month period
- Believe yourself to be fat when others say you are too thin
- Fgood dominates your life 4
4
Q
Eating disorders as obsessive weight losing disorder
A
- Obsessive fear of fatness
- Avoidance of food and sources of calories
- Range of compulsory ‘compensatory’ behaviours when food cannot be avoided
- Behaviours are the only way to avoid experiencing anxiety
5
Q
Anorexia nervosa
A
- Restriction of intake to reduce weight
- Relies of compulsive compensatory behaviours when food cannot be avoided
- Self-induced vomiting
- Laxative abuse
- Excessive exercise
- Abuse of appetite suppressants/ diuretics
- Anorexia consideration → weight 15% below ideal body weight
- Fear of weight gain
- Absence of menstrual cycle, greater than 3 cycles (post-monarchal women)
6
Q
Presentation of anorexia nervosa
A
- Cold intolerance
- Blue hands and feet
- Constipation
- Bloating
- Delayed puberty
- Primary and secondary amenorrhea
- Dry skin
- Fainting
- Hypotension
- Lanugo hair
- Scalp hair loss
- Early satiety
- Weakness, fatigue,
- Short stature
- Osteopenia, osteoporosis
7
Q
Bulimia nervosa
A
- Episodes of binge eating with sense of loss of control
- Binge eating followed by compensatory/ purging behaviour
- Self-induced vomiting
- Laxative abuse
- Diuretic abuse
- Excessive exercise
- Fasting
- Strict diet
- Bine-compensatory behaviours occur minimum of 2 times a week for three months
- Dissatisfaction with body shape and weight
8
Q
Presentation of bulimia nervosa
A
- Mouth sores
- Pharyngeal trauma
- Dental caries
- Heartburn, chest pain
- Oesophageal rupture
- Impulsivity
- Stealing
- Alcohol
- abuse
- Drug/ tobacco
- Muscle cramps
- Weakness
- Bloody diarrhoea
- Irregular periods
- Fainting
- Swollen parotid glands
- Hypotension
9
Q
Binge eating disorder
A
- Similar to bulimia nervosa → absence of purging behaviours
- Ongoing and repetitive cycles
- Unusually fast eating, alone
- Unusually large amounts consumed
- Uncomfortably full, ‘buzzed’ after eating
- Embarrassment, shame, guilt, depression
10
Q
Avoidance of calorie intake
A
- Diet → becoming vegetarian, vegan
- Touching food or grease
- Developing dislikes, pickiness, even ‘allergies’
- Interpreting all symptoms as allergies or indigestion
- Eating slowly, only eating at certain imes
- Avoiding parties and social occasions
- Spoiling, messing with food, bizarre combinations
- Refusing to eat more than person who eats least
- Medication abuse → appetite suppressant → gum, cigarettes,
11
Q
Getting rid of calories
A
- Self-induced vomiting
- Chewing and spitting
- Over exercise → often secret
- Overactivity
- Obsessive housework
- Fidgeting
- Twitching
- Never sitting down
- Cooling → inadequate dress, open windows
- Blood letting
- Medication abuse
- Alternative medications
- OTC
- Stimulants
- Pain killers to allow further exercise
12
Q
Other eating disorder behaviours
A
- Body checking
- Repeated weighing
- Mirror gazing
- Self-measurement
- Self-photography
- Trying particular tight clothes
- Displaying emaciation to elicit shocked response
- Compulsive browsing of social media
- Deliberatie self-harm
13
Q
Psychological consequences of eating disorders
A
- Extreme value of low weight and thin/ lean shape → resembles religious belief
- Obsessive weight-loss as the only solution
- Changed cognitive style → narrowed focus of interest, cannot see bigger picture
- Unable to interpret emotion → similar to Aspergers (improves with better nutrition)
14
Q
Mood disorders in eating disorders
A
- Higher rates of depression, anxiety, obsessionally and loss of concentration in malnourished brains
- Depression rarely responds to medications at low weight
- Anxiety eating followed by guilt after eating
15
Q
Social consequences of eating disorders
A
- Withdrawal from friendships and loss of interest in sexual relationships
- Turns other people into mere obstacles to the eating disorder
