Eating Disorders Flashcards
(19 cards)
What are the core features of all eating disorders?
Over or under control of eating behaviors.
Self-esteem tied to physical appearance.
Difficulties with interoceptive awareness.
When do anorexia and bulimia occur?
Transition from puberty into adolescence, and from adolescence to emerging adulthood.
What is the diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa?
Recurrent episodes of binge eating characterized by the following:
a) eating large amounts of food in a discrete period of time
b) lack of control of over eating
c) recurrent inappropriate compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain
d) occurs at least once a week for 3 months
What was the overall finding in the Fiji study?
When introduced to satellite TV and western TV, dieting rose 69% and 75% of girls surveyed they felt too fat. Girls with TV sets in home 3X more likely to report levels of body dissatisfaction.
What is the objectification theory?
Perceiving another person as an object or commodity, without consideration of personality or dignity.
How do we view objects and humans?
Configural processing: recognizing person (affected by inversion– harder to recognize when people are upside down)
Analytic processing: recognizing an object (not affected by inversion).
When images of male and female were inverted– could not identify male when upside down but could identify female, indicating people use analytic processing to identify females.
What is different about binge eating?
Emerges throughout the lifespan and is not more common in females.
What is the diagnostic criteria of a binge eating disorder?
Recurrent episodes of binge eating.
a) eating large amount of food in a period of time
b) lack of control
The binge-eating are associated with 3 or more of the following.
-eating rapidly, eating till uncomfortably full, eating large amounts when not hungry, eating alone, feeling guilt.
Occurs at least once a week for 3 months.
Not associated with inappropriate compensatory behavior.
What are two common antecedents of a binge?
hunger and emotional distress
What is the treatment for bulimia and binge eating?
CBT and it works very quickly. Emphasis on regular eating schedule and reducing distorted perceptions of weight.
What is the anorexia diagnostic criteria?
Restriction of energy intake relative to requirements, leading to significantly low body weight in context of age, sex, developmental trajectory and physical health.
a) significantly low body weight is defined as a weight that is less than minimally normal.
b) intense fear of gaining weight
c) disturbance in way in which one’s body weight or shape is experienced
What are the two subtypes of anorexia?
Binge eating/purging type.
Restricting type- weight loss is accomplished through dieting, fasting, or excessive exercise.
What is the prevalence of anorexia?
Very low, but considered to have the highest mortality rate of any clinical disorder
What is the biological basis of anorexia?
Very dysregulated levels of metabolites of serotonin and dopamine in their cerebrospinal fluid. One role of serotonin is to regulate how much we eat and when we feel full/hungry.
What is the big problem with treating anorexia?
Really high rates of relapse. We have to see both a behavioral and biological change to effectively treat anorexia.
What is the anxiety hypothesis for anorexia?
Girls channel their anxiety into restrictive eating. 2/3 of cases anxiety precedes anorexia.
What is the Maudsley System for treating eating disorders?
View of family as best chance someone has for recovery.
Re-feeding the child.
Twice as many show full remission compared to individual treatment.
Also improves panic and anxiety disorders.
What is an alternative?
Reduced Environmental Stimulation Therapy (REST)
What is the goal of REST?
Minimize external feedback where interoceptive signals become more obvious.
