EB7 Flashcards
What is needed to maintain adaptation in the face of recurrent mutation
selection against deleterious mutations (purifying selection)
Model reversible mutation no selection:
Final frequency of A
initial frequency of A x rate of mutation away from A + frequency of B x the rate of mutation of B to A
= p(1-u) + qv / = q(1-v) +pu
Model reversible mutation no selection:
Change in q (deltaq) due to mutation
the final frequency of B minus the initial frequency of B
change in frequency of q = (q(1-v)+pu) -q = pu-qv
what is the change in frequency of q at equalibrium
=0 the frequency of q does not change
Model reversible mutation no selection:
what is the frequency of q relative to p if the change in q due to mutation is 0
frequency of q relative to p is equal to the rate of mutation of u relative to v
phat’u -qhatv =0
qhat/phat =u/v
Model reversible mutation no selection:
what if the rate of mutation of u is 100x the rate of mutation of q
u = v/100 q'=p'/100 q'+p' = 1 therefore 1-p1=q' therefore 1-p' =p'/100 100-100p' =p' p' =100/101 p' =0.99 q' =0.01 (1%)
Model: mutation/selection balance: haploids
what is the final frequency after selection
the initial frequency over the total fitness
p/(p+qw)
qw/(p +qw)
Model: mutation/selection balance: haploids
what is the final frequency after selection and mutation
initial frequency over the total fitness X the rate of mutation away from allele or towards
final freq A = (p/p(+qw)(1-u)
final freq B = qw(p +qw)(p/(p+qw))*u
what does
p/(p+qw))*u show
the newly created B mutants
p/(p+qw)*(1-u) shows the A alelle lost to B mutants
Model: mutation/selection balance: haploids
what is the change in frequency of B equal to
the final frequency of B - the initial frequency
((qw/ (p + qw) X (p /(p + qw))u) - q
or
Or ((qw+pu)/p+qw)) -q
what is q’ if u
q’ =u/hs
what is q’ if u>hs
q’=1
when is h relevant
only in diploid heterozygote as stands for dominance
what if the rate of mutation is lower than the selection coefficient
then selection frequency of deleterious allele is given by mutation rate/selection ceofficient. therefore the more deleterious the alelle the freater the s and the lower the frequency as q’ =u/hs
what if there is no selection against the mutation
s~0
all A will eventyually convert to B as in this model mutation is assumed to unidirectional.
q’ could be equal to 1 if the rate of mutation is much lower than the selection coefficient.