EC2

Question 1

What are the instance types?

Answer 1

General purpose
Compute optimized
Memory optimized
Storage optimized

Question 2

What workloads are general purpose EC2 instances good for?

Answer 2

Diverse workloads such as code repositories and web servers

Question 3

What workloads are Compute optimized EC2 instances good for?

Answer 3

Compute-intensive tasks that require high performance

Question 4

What workloads are Memory optimized EC2 instances good for?

Answer 4

Fast performance workloads that process large data sets in memory

Question 5

What workloads are Storage optimized EC2 instances good for?

Answer 5

storage-intensive tasks that require high, sequential read and write access to large data sets on local storage

Question 6

What is a security group?

Answer 6

Firewall around EC2 instances that controls how traffic is allowed into or out of EC2 instances

Question 7

What do security groups regulate?

Answer 7

Access Ports
Authorized IP ranges
Inbound network traffic
Outbound network traffic

Question 8

What should you do when an EC2 instance needs to access AWS?

Answer 8

Assign it a role

Question 9

What are the EC2 purchasing options?

Answer 9

On-Demand Instances
Reserved Instances
Spot instances
Dedicated Hosts
Dedicated instances

Question 10

What type of workloads are a good fit for On-Demand Instances?

Answer 10

Short term and uninterrupted workloads

Question 11

What are key characters for On-Demand Instances?

Answer 11

Pay for what you use
Highest cost with no upfront payment
No long-term commitment

Question 12

What type of workloads are a good fit for Reserved Instances?

Answer 12

Long term, steady-state usage applications (i.e database)

Question 13

What are the reserved instance types?

Answer 13

Reserved Instances
Convertible Reserved Instances
Schedule Reserved Instances

Question 14

What EC2 purchasing option is the most cost expensive?

Answer 14

Dedicated hosts

Question 15

What EC2 purchasing option is the least cost expensive?

Answer 15

Spot instances

Question 16

What are the savings when using spot instances compared to On-Demand?

Answer 16

90%

Question 17

What are the savings when using reserved instances?

Answer 17

75% when compared to On-Demand instances

Question 18

What is the contract commitment when using reserved instances?

Answer 18

1 to 3 years

Question 19

What are dedicated hosts?

Answer 19

A dedicated physical server

Question 20

Why use a dedicated host?

Answer 20

Government compliance requirements

Question 21

What are characteristics of dedicate hosts?

Answer 21

single instance on a single dedicate physical server
Hardware is not shared by other instances
Control over instance placement

Question 22

What are the dedicate hosts use cases?

Answer 22

Software that has complicated licensing model

Companies that have strong regulatory or compliance needs

Question 23

How long can dedicates hosts be reserved?

Answer 23

3 years

Question 24

What are dedicate instances?

Answer 24

One or more instances running on a dedicated physical server

Question 25

What are characteristics of dedicate instances?

Answer 25

No control over instance placement (can't move hardware after stop / start) Automatic instance placement All instances are on same physical server

Question 26

What are strategies for handling spot instances?

Answer 26

Set max spot price Spot Block Know the type of instance needed

Question 27

What is spot block?

Answer 27

Block spot instance during specified time frame without interruptions

Question 28

What can be done to instances that exceed max spot price?

Answer 28

Stop or terminate the instance

Question 29

How to terminate spot instances?

Answer 29

Cancel spot instance and then terminate it

Question 30

What are Spot Fleets?

Answer 30

Set of spit instances + (optional) on-demand instances

Question 31

What are strategies for allocating spot instances?

Answer 31

Lowest Price Diversified Capacity Optimized

Question 32

What is the lowest price allocation strategy?

Answer 32

Spot instances are allocated from the pool with the lowest price (cost optimized, short workload)

Question 33

What is the diversified allocation strategy?

Answer 33

Spot instances are distributed across all pools (great availability, long workloads)

Question 34

What is the capacity optimized allocation strategy?

Answer 34

Spot instances are allocated from a pool with the optimal capacity for the number of instances

Question 35

What are the placement group strategies?

Answer 35

Cluster Spread Partition

Question 36

What are the characteristics of a cluster?

Answer 36

All instances are on the same hardware (rack)

Question 37

What is a cluster strategy?

Answer 37

placement group strategy that places instances into low-latency group in single AZ

Question 38

What are disadvantage(s) when using a cluster strategy?

Answer 38

If rack fails all instances fail

Question 39

What are advantage(s) when using a cluster strategy?

Answer 39

offers low latency and high speed network

Question 40

What is a spread strategy?

Answer 40

placement group strategy that spreads instances across underlying hardware

Question 41

What are the characteristics of a spread strategy?

Answer 41

max 7 instances per group per Availability zone

Question 42

What type of applications use the spread strategy?

Answer 42

critical applications that need high availability and in which failures are isolated

Question 43

What are advantage(s) when using a spread strategy?

Answer 43

Located on different hardware Spans across AZs Reduced risk in case of failure

Question 44

What are disadvantage(s) when using a spread strategy?

Answer 44

Limited to 7 instances per AZ per placement group

Question 45

What is a partition strategy?

Answer 45

placement group strategy that spreads instances across different partitions (different sets of racks) within an AZ

Question 46

What are advantage(s) when using a partition strategy?

Answer 46

Instances in different partitions are separated, in case of failure Scales to hundreds of EC2 instances per group Have up to 7 partitions per AZ in the same region

Question 47

What type of applications use the partition strategy?

Answer 47

Big data applications

Question 48

What is an Elastic Network Interfaces (ENI)?

Answer 48

Logical component in a VPC that represents a virtual network card

Question 49

What are characteristics of an ENI?

Answer 49

Gives EC2 instances access to the network Gives a private IPv4 and secondary IPv4 address Gives one elastic IP per private IPv4 Has one or more security groups Has a MAC address

Question 50

What are an ENI's limitation(s)?

Answer 50

Bound to a specific availability zone and single instance

Question 51

What is EC2 Hibernate?

Answer 51

Service that preserves the state of an EC2 instances RAM

Question 52

What are the advantages of using Hibernate?

Answer 52

Instance boot time is faster

Question 53

What are Hibernate's characteristics?

Answer 53

RAM state is written to a file in the root EBS volume | The root EBS volume must be encrypted

Question 54

What type of applications use Hibernate?

Answer 54

Long-running processing Need to save RAM state Services that take time to initialize

Question 55

What is EC2 Nitro?

Answer 55

Underlying platform for higher speed EBS volumes that need increased I/O operations

Question 56

What are advantages of using EC2 Nitro?

Answer 56

Better networking options Higher speeds EBS Better underlying security

Question 57

What is a vCPU?

Answer 57

A thread in a CPU

Question 58

How many vCPUs per core?

Answer 58

2

Question 59

What are the advantages of using EC2 capacity reservations?

Answer 59

Ensures you have EC2 capacity in advance when needed

Question 60

What commitments are required for EC2 capacity reservations?

Answer 60

No commitments