ECG

Question 1

What is the OSCE mark scheme for ECGs?

Answer 1

Question 2

What two things go under management?

Answer 2

1. Investigation

2. Treatment

Question 3

What is involved in investigation category?

Answer 3

1. Bloods
2. Imaging
3. Other tests

Question 4

What does the P wave represent?

Answer 4

atrial depolarisation

Question 5

What information do you mention in demographic information?

Answer 5

1. name of patient
2. time + date it was taken
3. where it was taken

Question 6

When would you do a 15 lead ecg?

Answer 6

posterior MI suspected

Question 7

When would you suspect a posterior MI

Answer 7

R wave is bigger than S wave on V2 (S wave should be dominant in V1 + V2)

Question 8

Where is the conduction from if there is a p wave present?

Answer 8

from SAN

Question 9

Where is the conduction from when there is no p wave?

Answer 9

AV or Ventricle

Question 10

What leads do you look at to determine the cardiac axis?

Answer 10

I, II, (III)

Question 11

What would a normal cardiac axis look like?

Answer 11

both lead I and II positive with lead II highest positive deflection

Question 12

What would right axis deviation look like?

Answer 12

lead I: negative
lead II: positive
lead III: most positive

Question 13

What would left axis deviation look like?

Answer 13

lead I: positive
lead II: negative
lead III: negative

Question 14

What is right axis deviation associated with?

Answer 14

right ventricular hypertrophy

Question 15

What is left axis deviation associated with?

Answer 15

heart conduction abnormalities

Question 16

What lead should you look at for determining heart rate?

Answer 16

II

Question 17

How do you calculate heart rate if rhythm is regular?

Answer 17

1. Count the number of large squares present within one R-R interval
2. Divide 300 by this number to calculate heart rate

Question 18

How do you calculate heart rate if rhythm is irregular?

Answer 18

number of R waves multiplies by 6

Question 19

What is normal heart rate?

Answer 19

60-100bpm

Question 20

What is tachycardia?

Answer 20

> 100bpm

Question 21

What is bradycardia?

Answer 21

<60bpm

Question 22

What are the 2 types of irregular heart rhythm?

Answer 22

1. Regularly irregular: junctional

2. Irregulalary irregular: atrial fib

Question 23

What are the properties of junctional rhythm?

Answer 23

1. Normal QRS
2. No P wave
3. Regular R-R

Question 24

What are the properties of atrial fibrillation?

Answer 24

1. Normal QRS
2. No P waves
3. Irregular distances between complexes

Question 25

What are the properties of ventricular rhythm?

Answer 25

1. Wide QRS
2. No p waves
3. Irregular R-R