ECG changes (need to add more) Flashcards
1
Q
What causes P pulmonale?
A
Right atrial enlargement
2
Q
How does P pulmonale appear on ECG?
A
Leads II, III, aVF: >2.5mm
Leads V1 and V2: >1.5mm
3
Q
What causes P mitrale?
A
Left atrial enlargement
4
Q
How does P mitrale appear in Lead II on an ECG?
A
- bifid P wave with >40ms (1 small square) between peaks
- total P wave duration >110ms
5
Q
How does P mitrale appear in Lead V1 on an ECG?
A
- biphasic P wave with terminal -ve portion >40ms duration/>1mm deep
6
Q
What is the normal length/duration of the PR interval?
A
120-200ms
7
Q
What are the causes of a prolonged PR interval?
A
- idiopathic
- ischaemic heart disease (e.g. MI)
- digoxin toxicity
- hypokalaemia
- rheumatic fever
- aortic root pathology
- lyme disease
- sarcoidosis
- myotonic dystrophy
8
Q
What causes a short PR interval?
A
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
