ECG readings

Question 1

HR for sinus rhythm

Answer 1

60-100 bpm

Question 2

what is the regularity for sinus rhythm?

Answer 2

regular

Question 3

what is the PRI for sinus rhythm?

Answer 3

0.12 - 0.20

Question 4

how many seconds is each box on an EKG strip?

Answer 4

0.04

Question 5

how long is the QRS wave on a sinus rhythm?

Answer 5

less than or equal to 0.12 seconds

Question 6

what is the QTI of a sinus rhythm?

Answer 6

less than 0.40 seconds

Question 7

sinus rhythm

Answer 7

Question 8

what are the nursing actions for sinus rhythm?

Answer 8

none

Question 9

what is the HR for sinus brady?

Answer 9

< 60 bpm

Question 10

every other data besides HR for sinus rhythm is the same for sinus brady & sinus tachy

Answer 10

true

Question 11

what are the nursing actions for sinus brady?

Answer 11

• assess BP, for syncope and SOB
• prevent falls
• administer Atropine

Question 12

sinus brady

Answer 12

Question 13

what is the HR for sinus tachy?

Answer 13

100 -150 bpm

Question 14

nursing actions for sinus tachy

Answer 14

• check BP, for syncope and SOB
• prevent falls
• possibly administer B-blockers & Ca+ channel blockers

Question 15

sinus tachy

Answer 15

Question 16

what is the PRI of A-fib?

Answer 16

none

Question 17

what is the rate & regularity of A-fib?

Answer 17

none; it has irregular rhythm

Question 18

what is it called when an A-fib has more than 100bpm?

Answer 18

rapid ventricular response

Question 19

what causes A-fib?

Answer 19

• MI
• rheumatic heart disease
• COPD
• CHF
• ischemia
• CAD

Question 20

what does the nurse need to check for a patient with A-fib?

Answer 20

INR

Question 21

how does a patient with A-fib present?

Answer 21

• CP
• hypoxia
• hypotension
• SOB
• decreased cardiac output

Question 22

what is the QTI of A-fib?

Answer 22

less than 0.40 seconds

Question 23

how long is the QRS wave of A-fib?

Answer 23

less than 0.12 seconds

Question 24

what causes atria to quiver and lead to A-fib?

Answer 24

chaotic ectopic current activity

Question 25

what are possible treatments for A-fib?

Answer 25

* cardiovert * B-blockers * Ca+ channel blockers * Digoxin * possibly anticoagulant *(hemostasis)*

Question 26

A-fib

Answer 26

Question 27

what is the HR of atrial flutter?

Answer 27

250 - 350 bpm

Question 28

P waves are absent in atrial flutter

Answer 28

true

Question 29

how long is the QRS complex in atrial flutter?

Answer 29

less than or equal to 0.12 seconds

Question 30

what are the causes for atrial flutter?

Answer 30

* RHF * pericarditis * valve disorder * hyperthyroidism

Question 31

atrial flutter

Answer 31

Question 32

what is the HR for V-tach?

Answer 32

100 - 250 bpm

Question 33

how long is the QRS complex and what is its characteristic?

Answer 33

greater than 0.12 seconds bizarre

Question 34

what is the rhythm for V-tach?

Answer 34

regular

Question 35

how is V-tach defined?

Answer 35

3 or more consecutive PVCs occur at a rate of 100 bpm

Question 36

what causes V-tach?

Answer 36

* hypoxia * ischemia * acidosis * mitral valve prolapse * increased ICP * acute myocardial infarcation (AMI)

Question 37

what are the nursing actions for V-tach?

Answer 37

* check for pulse *(PRIORITY)* * check BP

Question 38

potential treatments for stable V-tach

Answer 38

* oxygen * 12-lead EKG * possible Lidocaine / Amiodarone * check K+ & Mg * prepare for cardioversion *(may turn unstable)*

Question 39

potential treatments for unstable V-tach

Answer 39

* cardioversion * administer Amiodarone bolus + infusion

Question 40

what are the nursing actions for pulseless V-tach?

Answer 40

* defib + CPR * activate code (ACLS certified)

Question 41

V-tach

Answer 41

Question 42

what is V-fib?

Answer 42

irritable ventricles send out rapid electrical stimuli

Question 43

how do ventricles act during V-fib?

Answer 43

they do not contract because they never depolarize

Question 44

how does the patient with V-fib present?

Answer 44

* pulseless * no BP * no cardiac output

Question 45

what causes V-fib?

Answer 45

* CAD * AMI * hypoxia * acidosis * cardiac catheterization * cardioversion * accidental electrocution * extreme hypothermia

Question 46

nursing priorities for V-fib

Answer 46

* check ABC * begin CPR * defib

Question 47

how does the patient with V-fib present?

Answer 47

* apneic * pulseless * unresponsive

Question 48

V-fib

Answer 48

Question 49

what is the sequence for *cardiac conduction*?

Answer 49

1. SA node 2. AV node 3. Bundle of His 4. Purkinje fibers

Question 50

which node generates impulses?

Answer 50

SA node

Question 51

what are the causes of ST elevation?

Answer 51

* low oxygen from CAD * elevated Potassium * blocked coronary arteries

Question 52

what are the treatments for STEMI?

Answer 52

* reperfusion * angioplasty * possible CABG