Echinococcosis Flashcards
(16 cards)
What are the definitive hosts of Echinococcosis?
Carnivores
What are the intermediate hosts of Echinococcosis?
Humans, herbivores, rodents
Associate the traits with the three forms of Echinococcus larvae
a. Unilocular
b. Polycystic
c. Alveolar in texture, ulcerative, malignant
a. E. granulosus
b. E. vogeli, E. oligarthrus
c. E. multilocularis
What is the life cycle of Echinococcus?
Embryonated feces ingested by humans -> oncospheres hatch and penetrate intestinal wall -> hydatid cyst in liver, lungs, etc. -> definitive hosts infected by ingestion of cysts in liver -> protoscolex from cysts become scolex and attach to intestine -> adult worm in small intestine
What is the global distribution of Echinococcosis?
Worldwide
True or false: Eggs of E. granulosis are capable of surviving freezing and snowy conditions and are viable in grass for 1 year
True
True or false: The eggs are resistant to dissecation
False
True or false: E. granulosis adult worm is smaller than E. multilocularis adult worm
False, it is the other way around
What are the main features of the adult tapeworm?
Scolex, neck, 3 segments
What are the factors determining unilocular hydatidosis?
Pressure atrophy (hepatic, pulmonary, cerebral, renal, splenic) and allergic (anaphylactic shock)
True or false: Alveolar hydatidosis tends to metastasize and there is no effective chemotherapy
True
How is hydatidosis diagnosed?
Casoni skin test
What is type 1 and type 4 in the Casoni skin test?
Type 1 - hypersensitivity
Type 4 - CMI positive in early stages and negative in patients with active infection with high Ab titer
True or false: Th2 response is higher in chronic phase than Th1 response
True
What form of E. granulosus is present in North America?
Sylvatic form
What is the treatment for Echinococcosis?
Surgical removal of cyst in E. granulosus and hepactomy in E. multilocularis
