ECM Proteins and Natural Materials in Bioengineering Flashcards
1
Q
Alginate
A
- anionic polysaccharide, obtained from algae
- limited degradation, won’t degrade via enzymes
2
Q
Chitosan
A
- positively charged polysaccharide, obtained from crustacean exoskeletons
- enzymatic degradation, can form hydrogels
3
Q
Silk
A
- protein synthesized by arthropods
- physiologically functions as a protective cocoon
- strong, can be woven, slow or minimally degrades
- sometimes not biocompatible
4
Q
Elastin
A
- structural ECM protein found in connective tissues
- derived from animal tissues
- low solubility, reversible deformation, soluble precursor is tropoelastin
5
Q
Elastin-like peptides
A
- ‘protein’, synthetic mimic of elastin based on repetitive amino acid motifs
- reversible thermal phase transition
- synthetically produced
6
Q
Collagen
A
- abundant ECM protein
- derived from animal tissues/cell culture/bacterial fermentation
- triple helix structure, provides cell attachment sites
7
Q
Gelatin
A
- denatured collagen, inexpensive
- used for cell attachment in culture
8
Q
Fibrin/ Fibrinogen
A
- ‘protein’, results from polymerization of fibrinogen with thrombin
- crucial component for clot formation
9
Q
Hyaluronic Acid
A
- GAG, lubricating polymer (only non-sulfated GAG)
- negatively charged, can form hydrogels
- derived from animal tissues or bacterial fermentation
10
Q
Heparin
A
- strongly negatively charged GAG
- derived from animal tissues/plasma
- binds to numerous GFs, anti-coagulant activity, used for coating stents
11
Q
Chondroitin Sulfate (CS)
A
- negatively charged GAG, major component of cartilage
- derived from animal tissues (commonly shark cartilage)
12
Q
Decellularized Tissue
A
- mixture of proteins/GAGs
- derived from animal tissue
- retains tissue’s ECM composition/structure
- residual cellular components can cause immune reactions
