Ecologism

Question 1

What do ecologists reject regarding the anthropocentric view?

Answer 1

Ecologists reject the view that humans are above and outside of nature and are masters of nature.

(Carson)

Question 2

What do all ecologists believe about nature?

Answer 2

All ecologists reject the view that nature is simply a commodity that humanity can exploit for its own ends.

Question 3

What do ecologists stress regarding the natural world?

Answer 3

Ecologists stress a need to work towards a sustainable natural world that works within the Limits to growth.

Question 4

What is the disagreement between shallow ecologists and deep greens?

Answer 4

Shallow ecologists support enlightened anthropocentrism, which is rejected by deep greens and social ecologists for different reasons.

Question 5

What do social ecologists reject?

Answer 5

Social ecologists reject all forms of anthropocentrism and ecocentrism.

(Bookchin)

Question 6

How do deep greens and shallow greens differ in their view of nature’s value?

Answer 6

Deep greens see nature as having intrinsic value, while shallow greens see nature as having instrumental value.

(Leopold)

Question 7

What is the disagreement over materialism and consumerism among ecologists?

Answer 7

Shallow greens suggest materialism can help create a pro-nature consciousness, while deep greens argue that only a post-materialist, post-consumerist world can protect nature.

Question 8

What type of sustainability do shallow greens and deep greens support?

Answer 8

Shallow greens support weak sustainability, while deep greens reject this, supporting strong sustainability instead.

(Schumacher)

Question 9

What do social ecologists argue regarding sustainability?

Answer 9

Social ecologists reject shallow green attitudes, arguing that only radical social change in human relations can create a sustainable society.

(Merchant, Bookchin)