Ecology

Question 1

What is a biotic feature? Example?

Answer 1

any living thing

Question 2

What is an abiotic feature? Example?

Answer 2

any non-living thing

Question 3

What are the levels of biological organization?

Answer 3

Individual –> Population –> Community –> Ecosystem –> Biome –> Biosphere

Question 4

Who divided biotic organisms to plants + animals (philosopher)?

Answer 4

Aristotle

Question 5

What is a genus?

Answer 5

A group of species that are related

Question 6

What is a species (2)?

Answer 6

a smaller more limited group within a genus; group of individuals that can successfully reproduce

Question 7

What are the 6 Kingdoms?

Answer 7

Animal, Plants, Fungi, Protist, Bacteria, Archaea

Question 8

What are the more specific classifications within each kingdom (8)?

Answer 8

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 9

What is a biological community?

Answer 9

all the populations in a given area

Ex. park, forest, ocean

Question 10

What is a habitat?

Answer 10

a specific place where species/animal live

Question 11

What is the difference between learning and adaptations? Examples?

Answer 11

Learning: gaining knowledge on how to do something
Adaptations: features you inherit to help you survive in your environment

Question 12

What makes up an ecosystem?

Answer 12

interactions between biotic and abiotic features

Question 13

What is sampling? A quadrat equation?

Answer 13

Sampling- estimating by counting individuals in smaller area and x by a larger area
Quadrat: take random areas in large area, count individuals in each area and +, then ÷ total by no. of samples to = average /square, multiply average by total no. of squares= approx. no. of animals in large area.

Question 14

What is climate?

Answer 14

average weather pattern in a place over a long period of time (In general)

Question 15

What is weather?

Answer 15

constantly changing

Question 16

What is a biome?

Answer 16

group of ecosystems with similar climates and organisms

Question 17

What are the 6 biomes (terrestrial)?

Answer 17

Grasslands, Tundra, Taiga, Temperate Deciduous Forest, Tropical Rainforest, Desert

Question 18

The taiga is also known as?

Answer 18

Boreal Forest, Coniferous forest

Question 19

What is permafrost?

Answer 19

ground stays frozen (just on top)

Question 20

What is a canopy?

Answer 20

treetops shielding/covering from the sky

Question 21

What does arid mean?

Answer 21

little to no rain

Question 22

What is a biosphere?

Answer 22

everyplace on Earth where all living and non-living things interact with each other

Question 23

What are the 3 parts of the biosphere? Explain each part.

Answer 23

Hydrosphere- water
Atmosphere- Air
Lithosphere- Land

Question 24

What is succession? Examples?

Answer 24

gradual process where certain species take over and replace original ones

Question 25

Organisms come first in succession True or False | If no, what happens first?

Answer 25

False, Lichens grows and breaks down rocks

Question 26

What happens if non-native species are introduced? Example?

Answer 26

native species may not have enough food and next line of succession dies out Ex. Zebra Mussels

Question 27

What happens if succession occurs too quickly? Example?

Answer 27

some organisms may overtake and force them to go extinct | Ex. dodo birds

Question 28

What is the difference between Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration?

Answer 28

Photosynthesis: plants | Cellular Respiration: humans and animals

Question 29

What is the formula for photosynthesis?

Answer 29

water + carbon dioxide +(sunlight) = glucose + oxygen

Question 30

What is the formula for cellular respiration?

Answer 30

glucose + oxygen = water + carbon dioxide = (ATP Energy)

Question 31

What is a food chain? 3 examples.

Answer 31

shows how energy is passed from one organism to another

Question 32

What is a food web? Example if wanted.

Answer 32

more accurate than food chain, shows how animals interact(predator, prey)

Question 33

What is a producer vs consumer? Examples?

Answer 33

Producer: produces food Consumers: consumes food made by producers

Question 34

What is the difference between a herbivore, carnivore, and omnivore? Examples of each?

Answer 34

herbivore: eats plants carnivore: eats meat omnivore: eats both, eats anything

Question 35

What is a predator vs prey? Example?

Answer 35

predator- hunts for food | prey- is the food

Question 36

What is a scavenger? Example?

Answer 36

eats dead or decaying food

Question 37

What is a decomposer? Example?

Answer 37

breaks down dead material and recycles back into ecosystem

Question 38

What is a niche?

Answer 38

the role an animal plays in an ecosystem

Question 39

What are some animals who have more than one niche?

Answer 39

seagulls- scavenger (dead organisms on shore) and carnivore (fresh fish) snails- scavenger (dead fish) and herbivore (plants and algae)

Question 40

What is an energy flow?

Answer 40

movement of energy

Question 41

What is an energy pyramid? What is the energy used for?

Answer 41

show show energy is transfered; energy is used for many things

Question 42

What is a pyramid of numbers?

Answer 42

shows how much of each animal/ energy is needed to sustain the other

Question 43

What is biomass? Does it decrease or increase as you go higher in levels?

Answer 43

total mass of all organisms in ecosystem | decreases as you go up

Question 44

What is an autotroph vs heterotroph?

Answer 44

autotroph: produces food heterotroph: can't produce own food

Question 45

What is symbiosis?

Answer 45

two species living closely together in relationship that lasts over time

Question 46

What are the 3 types of symbiosis? Examples of each?

Answer 46

Parasitism, Mutualism, Commensalism

Question 47

Which is the symbiosis where both benefit?

Answer 47

Mutualism

Question 48

Which is the symbiosis where one benefits and the other isn't affected?

Answer 48

Commensalism