Ecology

Question 1

Ecology

Answer 1

Is the study of plants, animals and their environment, and the relationship between them.

Question 2

Environment

Answer 2

Is everything that surrounds an animal or a plant. (For example air, water, rocks and soil)

Question 3

Habitat

Answer 3

Is the place where a plant or animal lives.

Question 4

Woodland habitat

Answer 4

Each habitat has its own community of organisms. For example hedgehogs, snails, foxes, and primroses belong to the woodland habitat.

Question 5

Seaside habitat

Answer 5

Crabs, seaweed, shrimps and starfish are found in the seaside habitat.

Question 6

Interdependence

Answer 6

Is how organisms depend on each other for survival. (Buttercups depend on bees, bees need buttercups)

Question 7

Ecosystem

Answer 7

Is all the plants and animals in an area interacting with each other and their environment. (Desert, tropical rainforests, grasslands, seashore)

Question 8

Producer

Answer 8

Plants that make their own food. (Grass, dandelion, nettles)

Question 9

Consumer

Answer 9

Animals that get their food by eating plants or other animals.

Question 10

Herbivore

Answer 10

An animal that eats plants only. (Rabbit, sheep, slug, snail)

Question 11

Carnivore

Answer 11

An animal that eats other animals only. (Fox, hawk, ladybird)

Question 12

Omnivore

Answer 12

An animal that eats both plants and animals. (Badgers, thrush, blackbird, humans)

Question 13

Decomposer

Answer 13

Organisms that feed on dead plants and animals. (Earthworms, bacteria, fungi) (Decomposers are very important as they break down dead things and release lots of minerals into the soil)

Question 14

Food chain

Answer 14

Shows how one organism eats another and so on.

Question 15

Food chains must start with green plants

Answer 15

Because they are the only things that can make food.

Question 16

Feeding level

Answer 16

Is the position of an organism in the food chain.

Question 17

The first feeding level

Answer 17

Is always a green plant.

Question 18

Sun

Answer 18

The energy in any food chain comes from the sun.

Question 19

Plants have the most energy

Answer 19

As they make it from the sun.

Question 20

What do herbivores get some of when they eat plants?

Answer 20

Some energy.

Question 21

Food web

Answer 21

A food web is two or more interconnected food chains.

Question 22

Competition

Answer 22

Competition occurs when two or more organisms seek a resource that is limited.

Question 23

Plants compete

Answer 23

Plants compete for light, water, minerals and space.

Question 24

Animals compete

Answer 24

Animals compete for food, shelter territory and mates.

Question 25

Adaptations

Answer 25

Adaptations are features that give an organism a better chance of surviving in their habitat.

Question 26

The dandelion has a long root

Answer 26

Which means it reaches below the short roof of grass to get water.

Question 27

Dandelions are able to compete for space

Answer 27

Because they are able to speak their seeds in the wind.

Question 28

Hedgehogs have an excellence sense of smell

Answer 28

To make them good at finding food.

Question 29

Hedgehogs have spikes

Answer 29

To fight off predators.

Question 30

Camouflage

Answer 30

Hedgehogs have a colour which makes them camouflage so predictors can’t find them easily.

Question 31

Conservation

Answer 31

Conservation is the protection, preservation and careful use of all our natural resources.

Question 32

Our natural resources

Answer 32

Our natural resources include land, rivers, seas, plants and animals.

Question 33

If we don’t protect our natural resources

Answer 33

The environment could be destroyed and plants and animals may become extinct.

Question 34

Pollution

Answer 34

Is adding unwanted wastes to the environment causing damage to it.

Question 35

Air pollution

Answer 35

Caused by smoke, dust and harmful gasses. Most of these come from cars, buses, factories and power stations.

Question 36

Carbon dioxide and sulfure dioxide

Answer 36

When fossil fuels are burned they produce gases called carbon dioxide and sulfure dioxide.

Question 37

Acid rain (carbonic acid and sulfuric acid)

Answer 37

Damage plants and buildings.

Question 38

Soil pollution

Answer 38

Is caused by pesticides, artificial fertilisers and acid rain.

Question 39

Water pollution

Answer 39

Rivers, lakes and seas are polluted by fertilisées, sewage, oil and detergents.

Question 40

Fertilisers

Answer 40

Seep into rivers and cause too much plant growth, bacteria populations boom as they feed on dead plants and no oxygen is left for fish.

Question 41

Incineration

Answer 41

Burning the waste, this can release dangerous gases into the atmosphere, difficulties with location nobody wants to live near an incinerator.

Question 42

Landfill

Answer 42

Burying the waste in ground - damages soil, rivers and ground water, attracts rodents, disease causing, bad smell, difficulties as nobody wants to live near landfill sites.

Question 43

Recycling

Answer 43

Paper, glass and some metals and plastics can be processed and reused, this reduces damage to the environment.

Question 44

Reduce, reuse, recycle

Answer 44

To make sure that we do not damage our environment and that future generations will have a nice place to live.

Question 45

Reduce

Answer 45

Use your own bags, do not pick the items with extra packaging.

Question 46

Fruit

Answer 46

Protects seeds Provides food for seeds

Question 47

Bud

Answer 47

Allows new leaves and flowerd to grow.

Question 48

Xylem

Answer 48

Transports water and minerals up the plant .

Question 49

Phloem

Answer 49

Transports food from the leaves.

Question 50

Transpiration

Answer 50

Is the loss of water vapour from the stomata of the leaves. Supplies water to the leaves for photosynthesis. Helps cool plants (sweating)

Question 51

Stomata

Answer 51

Are little holes on the underside of the leaves.

Question 52

Transportation stream

Answer 52

The flower or water from the roots, up through the plant, and out the leaves.

Question 53

Factors that increase rate of transportation

Answer 53

Sunlight, wind, soil water, low humidity.