ecology 14-37 quiz #2

Question 1

14- what does extinction mean?

Answer 1

the disappearance from earth of all members of species

Question 2

14- what does threatened species mean?

Answer 2

could become endangered in the near future

Question 3

14- what does endangered species mean?

Answer 3

species in danger of becoming extinct in the near future

Question 4

14- what can human activities have an impact on the environment?

Answer 4

threaten biodiversity, habitat destruction, poaching, pollution, and introduction of exotic species.

Question 5

14- what is habitat destruction?

Answer 5

leading cause of extinction

Question 6

14- what is habitat fragmentation?

Answer 6

breaking larger habitats into smaller, isolated pieces of fragments

Question 7

14- what is poaching?

Answer 7

illegal killing or removal of wildlife from their habitats

Question 8

14- what are the three successful approaches for protecting biodiversity?

Answer 8

captive breeding, laws and treaties, and habitat preservation.

Question 9

16- define symbiosis

Answer 9

close relationship between two living things where at least one organism gets something good out of the relationship

Question 10

16- what is parasitism?

Answer 10

one species benefits and one species is harmed

Question 11

16- what is mutualism?

Answer 11

both species benefit

Question 12

16- what is commensalism?

Answer 12

one species benefits and one species is unaffected

Question 13

16- in a parasitic relationship, the organis, that benefits is called the ____a_____ and the organism it lives in or on is the ______b____

Answer 13

a- parasite

b- host

Question 14

19- what is a producer?

Answer 14

a living thing that makes its own food from sunlight, air, and soil.

Question 15

19- what is a consumer?

Answer 15

a living thing that cannot make its own food, but they eat to get their food and energy.

Question 16

19- what is a decomposer?

Answer 16

a living thing that gets energy by breaking down dead plants and animals.

Question 17

20- what is a carnivore?

Answer 17

eats only animals

Question 18

20- what is a herbivore?

Answer 18

eats only plants

Question 19

20- what is an omnivore?

Answer 19

eat plants and animals

Question 20

20- what is a scavenger?

Answer 20

eat dead and decayed matter

Question 21

22- what does the arrow mean in a food chain?

Answer 21

showing where energy goes

Question 22

26- how are food webs different to food chains?

Answer 22

a food web is a diagram of overlapping food chains. a food chain, therefore, is a series of events in which an organism devours another. food webs are more efficient because it allows you to see different energy flows with different organisms.

Question 23

28- where is the tundra located? what is the temperature in the tundra? what is the precipitation description in the tundra? what organisms live in the tundra?

Answer 23

location- arctic region (high elevation)
temperature- low average, hard soil, cold
precipitation- very little
organisms- moss, woody shrubs, squirrels, oxen, and caribou

Question 24

28- where is the taiga located? what are two other names for taiga? what is the temperature in the taiga? what is the precipitation description in the taiga? what organisms live in the taiga?

Answer 24

location- between temperate and tundra biome, 50 degrees latitude north and the arctic circle. covers much of the northern part
names- boreal forest and coniferous forest
temperature- cold winters and short warm summers
precipitation- 12-30 inches or less per year
organisms- evergreen trees, squirrels, lynx, wolverines

Question 25

28- where is the desert located? what is the temperature in the desert? what is the precipitation description in the desert? what organisms live in the desert?

Answer 25

location- antarctic, north pole, northern africa, middle east, northern china temperature- dry, cold when sunset, HOT during the day precipitation- 10 inches or less per year organisms- meerkats, cactus, horned toad, scorpions

Question 26

28- where is the tropical grassland (savanna) located? what is the temperature in the tropical grassland? what is the precipitation description in the tropical grassland? what organisms live in the tropical grassland?

Answer 26

location- in between desert and rainforest biome. near the equator, africa, south america, india, northern australia temperature- warm, cool during the dry season, humid on rainy days precipitation- rains about 15-75 inches per summer and very little during winter organisms- baobab tree, jack alberry tree, cheetahs, ostriches

Question 27

28- where is the temperate grassland (prairie) located? what is the temperature in the temperate grassland? what is the precipitation description in the temperate grassland? what organisms live in the temperate grassland?

Answer 27

location- steppe in eurasia, prairies of north america, austrialia, new zealand, argentina temperature- moisture in growing season, hot summers experienced depending on latitude precipitation- 10-20 inches per year organisms- gazelles, prairie dogs, jack rabbits, coyotes

Question 28

28- where is the deciduous forest located? what is the temperature in the deciduous forest? what is the precipitation description in the deciduous forest? what organisms live in the deciduous forest?

Answer 28

location- north america, europe, asia temperature- tropical and subtropical deciduous- 68-77 degrees F; temperate deciduous- -22 degrees- 86 degrees F precipitation- 30-60 inches per year organisms- mice, foxes, otters, deers

Question 29

28- where is the temperate rainforest located? what is the temperature in the temperate rainforest? what is the precipitation description in the temperate rainforest? what organisms live in the temperate rainforest?

Answer 29

location- pacific coast of north america, south east coast of chile, south america, U.K., new zealand, japan, south australia, norway temperature- two different seasons: winter and summer; winter- long and wet, temperature falls below freezing; summer- short, dry, foggy, temperature exceeds to 80 degrees F precipitation- 200-500 cm per year organisms- walnut trees, sycamores, aspens, red foxes

Question 30

28- where is the tropical rainforest located? what is the temperature in the tropical rainforest? what is the precipitation description in the tropical rainforest? what organisms live in the tropical rainforest?

Answer 30

location- near the equator, africa, southeast asia, south america temperature- 70-90 degrees F precipitation- 75-100 inches organisms- frogs, iguanas, snakes, leopards

Question 31

30- what is a community?

Answer 31

a group of same type of organisms living in the same place

Question 32

30- what is a biosphere?

Answer 32

part of earth where organisms can live

Question 33

30- what are endangered species?

Answer 33

a species that is in danger of becoming extinct

Question 34

30- what is another word for nonliving things?

Answer 34

abiotic factors

Question 35

30- what is another word for living things?

Answer 35

biotic factors

Question 36

30- what is a limiting factor?

Answer 36

something that keeps the size of a population from increasing

Question 37

30- what is a population?

Answer 37

a system made up of organisms interacting with one another and with the nonliving parts

Question 38

30- what is ecology?

Answer 38

the study of the interactions in an ecosystem

Question 39

30- what are decomposers?

Answer 39

organism that use dead organisms and the waste material from other organisms for food

Question 40

30- what are threatened species?

Answer 40

a species that needs to be protected but is not in danger of becoming extinct

Question 41

30- what are consumers?

Answer 41

organisms that eat other organisms

Question 42

30- what is a habitat?

Answer 42

the place where an organism lives out its life

Question 43

30- what is a niche?

Answer 43

the role an organism in an ecosystem

Question 44

30- what is an ecosystem?

Answer 44

consists of all of the populations that live in an area.