Ecology

Question 1

BioticorAbiotic?Which of the followingis NOT an example of anabiotic component of an ecosystem?

A.water
B.minerals
C. sunlight
D. fungi
E. air

Answer 1

D. Fungi is a type of living organism with is biotic and not abiotic

Biotic is living organisms, Abiotic isn’t living organisms.

Question 2

Abiotic and Biotic Ecosystems are made up of many biotic and abiotic factors . The diagram above is of what important abiotic process?

A.Thewatercycle
B.Thecarboncycle
C.The process of energy transfer from the sun
D.Therockcycle

Answer 2

B. This is the carbon cycle because there is photosynthesis for the plants and respiration for the plants.

Carbon is in BOTH respitation/photosynthesis for plants.

Question 3

Select the two processes that are part of the carbon cycle.

Arespiration
Breproduction
Cevaporation
Dphotosynthesis
Eprecipitation

Answer 3

A and D Photosynthesis and Respiration are two parts of the carbon cycle.

Question 4

In any ecosystem, organisms interact with biotic and abiotic parts of the environment. As a result of allof the interactions, the matter within the system is?

Aproducedwhenplantsgrow.
Brecycledwhenorganismsdie.
Clostwhenanimalsandplantsdie.
Dformedwhennewanimalsareborn.

Answer 4

B Through all the processes in the ecosystem after the animals die the matter can be reused once the organisms die.

Question 5

Question #5 The removal of plant material, such as grass clippings, would most likely affect an ecosystem by

A decreasing the potential for soilerosion.
B increasing the food available for consumers.
C decreasing the nutrients available for new plants.
D increasing the accumulation of organicmaterials

Answer 5

C The removal of grass clippings will decrease the nutrients available for the new plants because they are taking the organic material away.

Taking away yhr organic eill decrease the nutrient for new plants

Question 6

Which process will directly result in organic matter being added to the soil?

A water freezing in crack so frocks
B glaciers carving out a valley
C river water eroding the banks of a stream
D bacteria breaking down dead matter

Answer 6

D When bacteria break down the dead matter it releases organic matter that goes into the soil and can be used for its nutrients.

Bacteria releases organic matter that goes into the soil

Question 7

How does an ecosystem benefit when leaves fall from a tree and decompose on the soil?

ANutrientsarereleasedintothesoil.
BSoilerosiondecreases.
CCarbondioxideisabsorbedbythesoil.
DSoiltemperaturedecreases.

Answer 7

A It benefits because the leaves can give nutrients to the soil.

Question 8

Which process in the water cycle would be accelerated by an increase in temperature?

Arunoff
Bevaporation
Cprecipitation
Dcondensation

Answer 8

B Evaporation can be controlled by hot weather or cold weather.

Question 9

Condensation in the water cycle can best be described as the result of water vapor

A.risingintotheatmosphere,coolingandchangingintoaliquidform.
B.rising into the atmosphere ,warming and changing into agaseous form.
C.changingfromaliquidformintoasolidandformingsnow.
D.changingfromagasformintoasolidandforminghail.

Answer 9

A Condensation is when water vapor changes into a liquid so it would rise into the atmosphere and change into a liquid.

Question 10

When a volcano erupts, new lava is deposited on the slopes of the volcano. After the lava cools andhardens, which types of organisms will most likely be the first to live on the new material?

Alargereptilesandamphibians
Bsmallbirdsandmammals
Cmossesandlichens
Dbushesandvines

Answer 10

C Mosses and Lichens are producers, and they are most likely least affected.

Producers are most likely to be affected.

Question 11

A forest was cleared for the building of a resort, but before construction began, secondary successionset in. Which of these describes why secondary succession appeared so rapidly?

A. The clearing allowed mosses to grow quickly.
B. Rock weathering occurred for lichens to grow.
C. Exposed substrates allowed microbes to grow.
D.The soil components remained for plants to grow.

Answer 11

D. When something arises within the environment and the soil components stay the plants can grow and a secondary group of successors can settle in.

disaster happens, pioneer species survives and build off that

Question 12

After which event will primary succession most likely occur?

Athunderstorm
Bcropharvest
Cvolcaniceruption
Durbandevelopment

Answer 12

C Volcanic Eruptions are the most likely to bring in primary succession.

it will kill off everything.

Question 13

After a forest fire, which type of organisms will begin secondary succession?

Asmallshrubs
Bmatureoaks
Cevergreens
Dwildflowers

Answer 13

D. Flowers are the simplest and it will start the secondary succession.

The simplest will most likely begin.

Question 14

Which is an example of primary ecological succession?

A. plants and animals invading anabandoned cropfield
B.mangroves stabilizing the soils on tropical coasts
C . minerals spurring rapid plant growth
D. lichen grow on rocks

Answer 14

D They are growing on untouched land so its primary ecological succession.

they grew on untouched land so it’s primary

Question 15

Look at the list of changes to an ocean . 1. extinction of some species of fish
2. loss of food supply for predator species
3. loss of all species in the ecosystem
4. weakening of the sustainability of the ecosystem

A. 1only
B.1and2only
C.1,2,3,and4
D.1,2,and4only

Answer 15

D.Overfishing can cause numerous things and fish are a primary food source so 3 is wrong because there won’t be all loss only loss between some organisms.

Question 16

Significant destruction of a forest habitat will increase which gas in the atmosphere?

A. co2
B. no2
C. o2
D. n2

Answer 16

A. When more plants are taking more carbon dioxide will be in the atmosphere.

Question 17

The nitrogen cycle is shown below.
If the nitrogen-fixing bacteria were destroyed by a virus, the most likely result would be

Answer 17

B. a decrease in nitrogen compounds available to organisms.

No nitrogen fixing bacteria = decrease in nitrogen compounds availble to organisms.

Question 18

Mice, rabbits, bobcats, and squirrels all live in a brush ecosystem. Which animal would have the mostdifficult time surviving if the population of the other three animals continued to decrease?

A.mouse
B.squirrel
C.bobcat
D.rabbit

Answer 18

C.The bobcat eats smaller animals like the other choices so if they died out there will be no food for them.

Bobcat depends on smaller animals for its meal

Question 19

the diagram below shows a partial terrestrial food web.Based on the diagram, which of the following would most likely happen if a disease caused the snakepopulation to decrease?

look at the cfa

AThe owl population would decrease.
BThe rabbit population would increase.
CThe grass population would increase.
DThe mouse population would decrease.

Answer 19

A.The owl population would decrease because that is the food that they eat.

Question 20

Which event would most likely occur if the number of nitrogen fixing bacteria were reduced within anecosystem?

A.plants wold have more nitrates to take up B.plants and animals would decompose faster C.highlevels of ammonia would accumulate in the soil
D.more nitrogen gas would be released into the atmosphere.

Answer 20

D. If the bacteria fix the gas, and it is gone, then it would release more nitrogen gas into the atmosphere.

bacteria reduces the gas if there no fixation the gas will increase

Question 21

Which change would have the greatest negative impact on the survival of an owl species?

A. an increase in primary consumer populations
B.a decrease in acid rain
C. a decrease in size of habitat
D.an increase in producers

Answer 21

C. If the size decreases, then that is the most negative impact out of all the options.

Decrease in the size of the habit will mostly bring negative impact.

Question 22

Which best describes the effect on another population in the food web below if nearly all of the fieldmice are removed?

AThe number of lynx will increase.
BThe amount of grass will decrease.
CThe amount of seeds will increase.
DThe number of ferrets will decrease.

Answer 22

D. Seeds will keep on being produced by multiple organisms whereas ferrets will decrease because their food is gone.

Question 23

Which type of organism is the best at fixing nitrogen?

Abacteria
Bfungi
Cprotists
Danimals

Answer 23

A Bacteria can best be used for fixing nitrogen.

Question 24

Planting legumes in order to add nitrogen to soil most likely causes.

Aa decrease in the amount of acid rain.
B an enrichmentin the fertility of the soil.
C an increase in the ratio of nitrogen to oxygen in the system.
D a reduction in the soil’s ability to manufacture its own nitrogen

Answer 24

B Nitrogen benefits the soil.

Question 25

Which effect would the growing of legume crops such as beans and soybeans have? ## Footnote Aincrease the efficiency of photosynthesis B greater immunity of crops against diseases C fewer bacteria in soil and in living organisms D more usable nitrogen for other plants

Answer 25

D Beans and soybeans can help the nitrogen be more usable more other plants in the environment.

Question 26

The first organisms to occupy an area after a prairie fire are known as ## Footnote Aprimary species. Bsecondary species. Csuccession species. Dpioneer species.

Answer 26

D.Pioneer species are the original groups of organisms that will occupy an area.

Question 27

Biotic nitrogen fixation is performed by certain ## Footnote A.lichens. B.viruses. C.bacteria. D.mammals.

Answer 27

C.Bacteria is the only reasonable response that can perform biotic nitrogen fixation.

Question 28

What is the main source of energy for the water cycle? ## Footnote A.theSun B.fossilfuels C.clouds D.theocean

Answer 28

A The sun is the most important thing in the water cycle. | the sun is the most important thing in the water cycle.

Question 29

The process by which water vapor in the atmosphere cools and becomes a liquid is called.. ## Footnote A.evaporation. B.perspiration. C.condensation. D.transportation.

Answer 29

C.Condensation converts water vapor into a liquid. | condesation is the process vapor becomes liguild.

Question 30

The Kalij pheasant is a game bird that was introduced to Hawaii in the 1960s. It is commonly found inthe Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. In order for the population of the Kalij pheasants in the park toremain in dynamic equilibrium, which must occur? ## Footnote AThe food sources must be able to support maximum population sizes. B.The birth and death rates must remain approximately equal. C.The population must be exported to other areas of Hawaii. DThe population must grow exponentially each year.

Answer 30

B B is the best answer becomes it shows a form of stability.

Question 31

Tide pools are habitats for several kinds of organisms that attach to the rocky surface and dependupon tides for food and oxygen. Sea stars present in these tide pools feed on mussels and other shellfishthat have no other natural predators. How will it most likely impact species diversity if all of the seastars are removed from the tide pool ecosystem? ## Footnote A.Diversity will increase as the rate of predation decreases. B.Diversity will decrease as competition for space increases. C.Diversity will increase as the recycling of nutrients decreases. D.Diversity will decrease as food and oxygen supplies increase

Answer 31

If they are all removed, then their prey will increase and have more resources.

Question 32

When nitrogen-rich runoff from farms enters a nearby pond, it causes the growth of an algal mat onthe pond’s surface. As a result, underwater plants in the pond begin to die. Identify the limiting factorthat is most responsible for causing the underwater plants to die ## Footnote A.oxygen B.sunlight C.nitrogen D.carbon dioxide

Answer 32

B. Plants take in sunlight so that would cause the underwater plants to die. | plants taking in sunlight=underwater plants die

Question 33

Lawn fertilizers often contain phosphorus. Sometimes these fertilizers runoff into lakes. Once in alake, the excess phosphorus may affect algal growth and cause eutrophication in the lake. Which bestdescribes how the phosphorus affects the algae? ## Footnote A.It reduces algae habitat size. B.It improves algae adapt ability. C.It increases the carrying capacity of lakes for algae. D.It increases the number of trophic levels algae occupy.

Answer 33

C. C is the answer choice that presents the most positive impact on the organism. | eutrophication is enrichness of soil in a lake.

Question 34

A population of baboons has access to plenty of food, shelter, and space to live but has an inadequatesupply of water. Which of these best defines the water in this case? ## Footnote A.limiting factor B.limiting reagent C.Darwinian shortfall D.biochemical constraint

Answer 34

A. A limiting factor is something that withholds the growth of an environment and the water holds that back. ## Footnote limited factor = limited growth