Ecology

Question 1

Ecology

Answer 1

The study of how living things interact with each other and to their environment

Question 2

Ecosystem

Answer 2

Group of living organisms and their interactions with there environment

Question 3

Biosphere

Answer 3

Any part of the earth where life can exist

Question 4

Habitat

Answer 4

A place where a plant or animal lives

Question 5

Population

Answer 5

All the members of the same species living in an area

Question 6

Community

Answer 6

All the different populations in an area

Question 7

Flora

Answer 7

Plants

Question 8

Fauna

Answer 8

Animals

Question 9

Niche

Answer 9

Functional role of an organism in an ecosystem

Question 10

Abiotic

Answer 10

Non living factors
Eg light intensity,air speed

Question 11

Biotic

Answer 11

Living factors
Eg predators, prey,parasites

Question 12

Climatic

Answer 12

Weather conditions that effect an ecosystem
Eg temp,rainfall

Question 13

Edaphic

Answer 13

Soil factors
Eg soil type,soil PH

Question 14

Food chain

Answer 14

Sequence of organisms showing the transfer of energy from one to the next

Question 15

Grazing food chain

Answer 15

One where the initial plan is living
Eg. Grass - rabbit - fox

Question 16

Detritus food chain

Answer 16

Begins with dead organic matter and animal waste

Question 17

Producers

Answer 17

Organisms that can make there own food

Question 18

Consumers

Answer 18

Organisms that can’t make there own food they feed on other organisms

Question 19

1.primary consumers

Answer 19

Feed on producers
Eg. Herbivores (eat plants only)

Question 20

2.secondary consumers

Answer 20

Feed on primary consumers
Eg. Carnivores (eat meat only)

Question 21

3.tertiary consumers

Answer 21

Feed on secondary consumers

Question 22

Omnivores

Answer 22

Organisms that eat plants and animals

Question 23

Tropic levels

Answer 23

The position of an organism in a food chain

Question 24

Food web

Answer 24

A number of interlinked food chains and shows the feeding relationships between organisms in the ecosystem

Question 25

Nutrients recycling

Answer 25

The reuse of nutrients by organisms

Question 26

Key

Answer 26

A guide for identification of flora and fauna

Question 27

Qualitative survey

Answer 27

Measuring the prescenece or absence of organisms

Question 28

Quantitative survey

Answer 28

Measuring the amount of organisms present

Question 29

Nitrogen fixation

Answer 29

The conversion of nitrogen gas into nitrates

Question 30

Nitrification

Answer 30

The conversion of ammonia to nitrate and nitrate to nitrate

Question 31

Dentrification

Answer 31

The conversion of nitrates to nitrogen gas

Question 32

Nitrogen fixing bacteria -function of bacteria in the nitrogen cycle

Answer 32

Converts atmospheric nitrogen to nitrates

Question 33

Bacteria -function of bacteria in the nitrogen cycle

Answer 33

Decay nitrogen waste to ammonia

Question 34

Nitrifying bacteria -function of bacteria in the nitrogen cycle

Answer 34

Converts ammonia to nitrates then nitrates

Question 35

Dentrifying bacterua -function of bacteria in the nitrogen cycle

Answer 35

Converts nitrates to nitrogen

Question 36

Pollution

Answer 36

Any harmful addition to the environment

Question 37

Pollutants

Answer 37

Substances that causes pollution

Question 38

Eutrophication

Answer 38

A condition where lakes become over- enriched with nutrients resulting from excess artificial fertilisers washed into rivers and lakes

Question 39

Conservation

Answer 39

The management of the environment

Question 40

Waste management

Answer 40

Reduce reuse recycle

Question 41

Waste management in agriculture - slurry

Answer 41

Problem- pollutes rivers - eutrophication Solution - spread during misty weather 2 meters from any water course

Question 42

Composting

Answer 42

Aerobic process during which micro- organisms decompose organic matter into a stable substance called compost which recycled all the by required for plan growth

Question 43

Organic matter

Answer 43

Dead plants and animals

Question 44

Pyramid of numbers

Answer 44

Represent the numbers of organisms at each tropic level in a food chain

Question 45

Factors that control population

Answer 45

Competition , parasitism , predation - help maintain population numbers and a balance of nature

Question 46

Competition

Answer 46

Struggle between organisms for resource that are in short supply

Question 47

Contest competition

Answer 47

Struggle between two organisms for a resource where only one wins

Question 48

Scramble competition

Answer 48

Each organism gets an equal share of of the resource and there is no direct opposition

Question 49

Intra-specific competition

Answer 49

Occurs between members of the same species

Question 50

Inter - specific competition

Answer 50

Occurs between members of different species

Question 51

Parasitism

Answer 51

A relationship in which one organism called the parasite benefits from another , the host , while causing harm to it

Question 52

Parasite

Answer 52

Living organisms that live on/in an organism causing it harm

Question 53

Type of parasite 1.ectoparasite

Answer 53

Live outside an organism causing it harm (fleas on a dog

Question 54

Type of parasite 2.endoparasute

Answer 54

Live inside an organism causing it harm (liver fluke in sheep)

Question 55

How do parasites differ from predators??

Answer 55

Smaller Often attack within

Question 56

Predation

Answer 56

Capturing,killing and eating other organisms for food

Question 57

Predator

Answer 57

Animal that catches,kills and eats other animals or food

Question 58

Prey

Answer 58

Animals that are hunted, killed and eaten by predators

Question 59

Symbiosis

Answer 59

When two organisms of different species live in close association where at least one of them benefits

Question 60

Trophic

Answer 60

Feeding