Ecology

Question 0

The study of distributions of organisms

Answer 0

Bio geography

Question 1

The study of the distributions of earths climate and surface features

Answer 1

Physical geography

Question 2

Non living components

Answer 2

Abiotic

Question 3

Living components

Answer 3

Biotic

Question 4

A group of individuals of the same species that live, interact, and interbreed in a particular geographic area at the same time

Answer 4

Population

Question 5

Assemblage of interacting populations of different species within a particular geographic area

Answer 5

Community

Question 6

Multiple communities

Answer 6

Landscapes

Question 7

All organisms and environments of the planet

Answer 7

Biosphere

Question 8

A sample of individuals over time

Answer 8

Cohort

Question 9

Explain the principle of allocation

Answer 9

Once an organism acquires a unit of resource, it can be used for only one function at a time

Question 10

An organism can allocate a unit of resource to one of witch five functions?

Answer 10

Maintenance, foraging, growth, defense, reproduction

Question 11

Is an exponential or logistic growth curve seen more in nature?

Answer 11

Logistic

Question 12

The number of individuals in a population that the resources of its environment can support

Answer 12

Carrying capacity (K)

Question 13

What is reached as carrying capacity is reached?

Answer 13

Equilibrium

Question 14

A relationship where two or more different species use the same resource (-/-)

Answer 14

Competition

Question 15

Relationship where organisms gain nutrients by eating or feeding off of other living organisms (+/-)

Answer 15

Consumer- resource

Question 16

Where individuals kill and consume organisms from other species

Answer 16

Predation

Question 17

Where a parasite consumes part of a host but doesn’t kill it

Answer 17

Parasitism

Question 18

A type of interaction between species that benefits both (+/+)

Answer 18

Mutualism

Question 19

An interaction where one participant benefits while the other is unaffected (+/0)

Answer 19

Commensalism

Question 20

An interaction where one individual is harmed while the other is unaffected (-/0)

Answer 20

Amensalism

Question 21

Interactions between members of the same species

Answer 21

Intraspecific

Question 22

Interactions between members of different species

Answer 22

Interspecific

Question 23

Set of environmental tolerances of a species which define where it can live

Answer 23

Niche

Question 24

Natural habitat of an individual

Answer 24

Fundamental niche

Question 25

The part of a fundamental niche that an organisms occupies as a result of limiting factors in its habitat

Answer 25

Realized niche

Question 26

Differences between competing species in resource use

Answer 26

Resource partitioning

Question 27

Due to resource partitioning, is intraspecific or interspecific competition stronger?

Answer 27

Intraspecific

Question 28

Why do some introduced species become invasive?

Answer 28

They are introduced into a region where their natural enemies are absent

Question 29

The particular mix of species that communities contain and the relative abundance of those species

Answer 29

Species composition

Question 30

The change over time of a community , series of events by which life comes back

Answer 30

Ecological succession

Question 31

Gets energy from the sun

Answer 31

Autotroph

Question 32

Gets energy by eating producers or other consumers

Answer 32

Heterotrophs

Question 33

Total amount of energy that primary producers capture and convert to chemical energy during some period of time

Answer 33

Gross primary productivity

Question 34

Energy that is contained in the tissues that primary producers have produced, available for consumption

Answer 34

Net primary productivity

Question 35

This tropic level is made up of autotrophs

Answer 35

Producers

Question 36

This tropic level consists of herbivores

Answer 36

Primary consumers

Question 37

Species in this tropic level consume herbivores

Answer 37

Secondary consumers

Question 38

What are secondary consumers also known as?

Answer 38

Primary carnivores

Question 39

Species in this tropic level consume secondary consumers

Answer 39

Tertiary consumers

Question 40

What are tertiary consumers also known as?

Answer 40

Secondary carnivores

Question 41

The progression over successfully lower tropic levels of the indirect effects of a predator

Answer 41

Tropic cascade

Question 42

What are the two elements of species diversity?

Answer 42

Species richness and species evenness

Question 43

The number of species in a community

Answer 43

Species richness

Question 44

The distribution of a species abundance in a community

Answer 44

Species evenness

Question 45

What is the general relationship between primary productivity of a community and species richness?

Answer 45

Greater species richness= greater primary productivity

Question 46

__________ varies with latitude

Answer 46

Species richness

Question 47

These organisms feed from multiple tropic levels

Answer 47

Omnivores

Question 48

These feed on waste products or dead bodies of organisms

Answer 48

Decomposers

Question 49

What are decomposers also known as?

Answer 49

Detritivores

Question 50

What is a major assumption of the BD model?

Answer 50

There is no migration

Question 51

What sequence describes the pathway of energy through most living things in their environment

Answer 51

Light energy -----> chemical energy -----> heat

Question 52

Which goes through cycles, energy or matter?

Answer 52

Matter

Question 53

What type of model do you get when you add the total number of emigrated and immigrated individuals to the BD model?

Answer 53

BIDE model

Question 54

The proportion of the original cohort surviving from fledging to age x

Answer 54

Survivorship

Question 55

Average number of young fledged per female of age x

Answer 55

Fecundity

Question 56

When measuring growth rate , what is N?

Answer 56

Population size

Question 57

What is the formula for growth rate?

Answer 57

Births-deaths/N

Question 58

Species that grow quickly but do to offer lots of parental care

Answer 58

R-related species

Question 59

Species that grow slowly but offer more parental care to their offspring

Answer 59

K-related species

Question 60

Survivorship where most survive at an early age but survivorship drops at old age

Answer 60

Type I survivorship curve

Question 61

Survivorship where most die at early age and few survivors level off

Answer 61

Type III survivorship curve

Question 62

Survivorship where organisms die at a linear rate

Answer 62

Type II survivorship curve

Question 63

A lack of genetic diversity can lead to ______

Answer 63

Extinction

Question 64

When does primary succession occur?

Answer 64

No soil left

Question 65

When does secondary succession occur?

Answer 65

Soil remains

Question 66

Organisms that tend to make a living by coming back after a disturbance

Answer 66

Pioneer organisms

Question 67

At the end of succession, you have a _______ species

Answer 67

Climax