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biology > ecology > Flashcards

ecology Flashcards

1
Q

ecology

A

study of organisms

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2
Q

abiotic

A

nonliving

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3
Q

biotic

A

living

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4
Q

organism

A

individual with a species

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5
Q

population

A

all members of a species

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6
Q

community

A

several populations

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7
Q

ecosystems

A

community and abiotic parts of it

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8
Q

biosphere

A

are in which a biome is located

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9
Q

photosynthesis

A

process on which a plant makes its own food and oxygen is released

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10
Q

cell resperation

A

creation of cells and using them to move oxygen around the body and produce carbon dioxide

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11
Q

Density Independent Factor

A

natural and can’t be controlled

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12
Q

Density Dependent Factor

A

happens because of a population change

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13
Q

Population density

A

measure of thing per square mile

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14
Q

Population distribution

A

Having a population grouped

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15
Q

biomagnifacation

A

increase in concentration of toxic substances

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16
Q

succession

A

ability of an ecosystem to start over after a catastrophic event

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17
Q

logistic growth

A

population models

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18
Q

exponential growth

A

growth at an exponential rate

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19
Q

bias

A

preference towards one thing

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20
Q

random selection

A

a way to gather data i the ecosystem that eliminates biases

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21
Q

radiometric dating

A

decay of radioactive isotope the measure the age of a rock

22
Q

relative dateing

A

method used to determine the age of rocks

23
Q

half life

A

amount of time it takes for half an isotope to decay

24
Q

epoch

A

smallest unit of geological time

25
Q

era

A

a unit of geological time consisting of 2 or more periods

26
Q

period

A

divisions of geological time lasting tens of millions of years

27
Q

artificial selection

A

selective breeding

28
Q

natural selection

A

the strong will survive

29
Q

evolution

A

cumulative changes in groups of orgnisms

30
Q

spontaneous generartion

A

idea that live derives from non-living things

31
Q

homologous structure

A

anatomically similar structure inherited from common ancestor

32
Q

analogical structure

A

can be used for the same purpose and can be superficially similar

33
Q

fitness

A

measure of relative contibution an individual trait makes

34
Q

adaptation

A

lets the organism change its ways to become more adequate in its new habitat

35
Q

trait

A

mixture of DNA

36
Q

clad gram tree

A

branching diagram the represents the proposed phylogen

37
Q

semi conservative replication

A

shows how DNA is replicated

38
Q

DNA polymerase

A

enzymes that create DNA

39
Q

RNA

A

ribonucleic acid

40
Q

messenger RNA

A

carry genetic information from the DNA to the ribosomes

41
Q

ribosomal RNA

A

essential for protein synthesis

42
Q

transfer RNA

A

adapter molecule

43
Q

RNA polymerase

A

produces primary transcript

44
Q

transcription

A

first step in gene expression

45
Q

introns

A

noncoding sections of RNA

46
Q

exons

A

any part of a gene

47
Q

codon

A

a sequence of three DNA or RNA nucleotides that corresponds with a specific amino acid or stop signal during protein synthesis

48
Q

translation

A

In molecular biology and genetics, it is the process in which cellular ribosomes create protiens

49
Q

gene regulation

A

the process of turning genes on and off

50
Q

operon

A

unit made up by linked genes

51
Q

mutation

A

act or process of mutation or changing

52
Q

mutagen

A

an agent such as radiation or a chemical substance

biology (18 decks)

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