ecology

Question 1

ecosystem:

Answer 1

all the organisms living in a habitat and the nonliving parts of the habitat

Question 2

different levels of organisms:

Answer 2

-individual organisms
-populations
(individual group of same species)
-communities
(populations living together)

Question 3

interdependence:

Answer 3

species reply on each other
(for food, shelter, pollination, seed dispersal)
if one thing is removed it can affect ecosystem

Question 4

facts that affect community can be:

Answer 4

abiotic (non living)

biotic (living)

Question 5

abiotic factors

Answer 5

• light intensity
• temperature
• moist levels
• wind intensity
• soil pH and mineral content

Question 6

biotic factors

Answer 6

• availability for food
• new predators arriving
• new pathogens/diseases
• one species out competing other

Question 7

animals adaptations

Answer 7

structural
behavioural
functional

Question 8

structural adaptation:

Answer 8

-physical features

colour

Question 9

Behavioural adaptation:

Answer 9

-way organism acts

inherited/ learnt

Question 10

functional adaptation:

Answer 10

-process inside an organism

endure correct functioning of all cell processes

Question 11

extreamophiles:

Answer 11

an organisms that loves the extreme conditions.

high temp, pressure or salt concentration

Question 12

feeding relationship

Answer 12

primary producer 
primary consumer
secondary consumer
tertiary consumer 
quaternary consumer

Question 13

all good chains begin with..

Answer 13

a producer

Question 14

predators

Answer 14

consumers that eat other animals

Question 15

prey

Answer 15

those that are eaten

Question 16

biomass

Answer 16

mass of living material in each organism

Question 17

primary consumer

Answer 17

‘herbivore’

plant eating animals

Question 18

secondary and tertiary consumers

Answer 18

‘carnivore’

meat eating animals

Question 19

biodiversity

Answer 19

variety of all the different species of organisms on earth

Question 20

high biodiversity=

Answer 20

helps ecosystems to be stable

species depend on each other for food and shelter

Question 21

factors that put biodiversity at risk:

Answer 21

• availability of water
• temp
• atmospheric gases

Question 22

biodiversity is at risk due to:

Answer 22

• changes in season
• geographic activity (volcanoes)
• human interaction

Question 23

main process that removes carbon from air=

Answer 23

photosynthesis

Question 24

carbon cycle

Answer 24

describes how carbon is recycled in nature

Question 25

carbon cycle relies on..

Answer 25

decomposers to return carbon to the atmosphere as CO2 through respiration

Question 26

water cycle:

Answer 26

- evaporation - condensation - cooling - precipitation - percolation - transpiration

Question 27

evaporation:

Answer 27

Sun heats up the earths surface and water is turned from liquid into water vapour

Question 28

Condensation:

Answer 28

Moist air rises as it cools water vapour condenses back into liquid water droplets producing clouds

Question 29

Precipitation:

Answer 29

As water droplets in the clouds get heavier they fall as rain, hail, snow

Question 30

Percolation:

Answer 30

water trickles through gaps in soils and rocks

Question 31

transpiration:

Answer 31

Lots of water vapour from the plants and animals directly into the atmosphere

Question 32

what can disturb water + carbon cycle:

Answer 32

cutting down large areas of forest

Question 33

pollution kills

Answer 33

plants + animals - reducing biodiversity

Question 34

pollution can occur:

Answer 34

- in water (sewage, fertilisers, toxic chemicals) - in air (gases- sulfur dioxide produces acid rain) - on land (landfill +toxic chemicals)

Question 35

deforestation

Answer 35

cutting down trees and destruction of forest

Question 36

global warming:

Answer 36

gradual increase in temp of earth

Question 37

global warming consequences:

Answer 37

- loss of habitat (low lying areas flooded) - changes in distribution of species (rainfall, temperature) - changes to migration patterns of animals

Question 38

conserve biodiversity:

Answer 38

- breeding programme for endangered species - protect rare habitats - reduce deforestation - recycling recourses

Question 39

Environment

Answer 39

Conditions surrounding organisms

Question 40

Habitat

Answer 40

Place where organism lives

Question 41

Population

Answer 41

Individuals of same species living in a habitat

Question 42

Community

Answer 42

Populations of different species living in a habitat