Ecology

Question 1

Ecology

Answer 1

The study of plants, animals and their environment, and the relationship between them

Question 2

Environment

Answer 2

Everything that surrounds an animal or plant (for example air, water, rocks and soil)

Question 3

Habitat

Answer 3

Is the place where a plant or animal lives

Question 4

Community

Answer 4

All the different populations that live in the habitat. Eg hedgehogs snails foxes and primroses belong to the woodland habitat

Question 5

Interdependence

Answer 5

How organisms depend on each other for their survival, buttercups depend on bees (for food) bees depend on buttercups (for pollination)

Question 6

Ecosystem

Answer 6

All the plants and animals in an area interacting with each other and their environment eg desert tropical rainforest grassland seashore

Question 7

Biome

Answer 7

An ecosystem that extends over a very large area

Question 8

Biosphere

Answer 8

All the earths ecosystems together form one large ecosystem

Question 9

Producer

Answer 9

Plants that make their own food eg grass dandelion nettles

Question 10

Consumer

Answer 10

Animals that get their food by eating plants or other animals

Question 11

Herbivore

Answer 11

An animal that eats plants only eg rabbits sheep slug snail

Question 12

Carnivore

Answer 12

An animal that eats other animals only eg fox hawk ladybird

Question 13

Omnivore

Answer 13

An animal that eats both plants and animals eg badger thrush blackbird humans

Question 14

Decomposer

Answer 14

Organisms that feed on dead plants and animals eg earthworms bacteria fungi (decomposers are very important as they break down dead things and release lots of minerals into the soil)

Question 15

Food chain

Answer 15

Shows how one organism eats another and so on, food chains must start with green plants

Question 16

Feeding level

Answer 16

The position of an organism in the food chaim

Question 17

Food web

Answer 17

Two or more interconnected food chains

Question 18

Competition

Answer 18

It occurs when two or more organisms seek a recourse that is limited. Plants complete for light water minerals and space

Question 19

Adaptations

Answer 19

Features that give an organism a better chance of surviving in their habitat

Question 20

Dandelion adaptation

Answer 20

The dandelion has a long root which means it reaches below the short root of grass to get water, dandelions are able to compete for space their seeds in the wind

Question 21

Hedgehog adaptation

Answer 21

Hedgehogs have an excellent sense of smell to make them good at finding food, hedgehogs have spikes to fight off predators hedgehogs have colour which makes them camouflaged

Question 22

Abiotic and biotic

Answer 22

Plants and animals are affected by living and non kibpving factors in the environment

Question 23

Abiotic factors

Answer 23

Are non living eg west get temperature light intensity rainfall wind soil and type of landscape

Question 24

Biotic factors

Answer 24

Are living eg completion predation symbolisms

Question 25

Predation

Answer 25

Controls the number of organisms in an ecosystem eg ladybirds eat aphids lions eat zebras

Question 26

Symbiosis

Answer 26

Is a relationship between organisms of different species where at least one benefit eg cleaner fish ear parasites out of the mouths of eels

Question 27

Conservation

Answer 27

The protection, preservation and careful use of our natural resources

Question 28

Natural resources

Answer 28

Include land, rivers seas, plants and animals

Question 29

Pollution

Answer 29

Adding unwanted wastes to the environment causing damage to it

Question 30

Balance of nature can be damaged

Answer 30

If one organism is damaged it can be harmful to many other plants and animals

Question 31

Air pollution

Answer 31

Caused by smoke dust and harmful gases-most of these come from cars, buses, factories and power stations

Question 32

Fossil fuels

Answer 32

When burned they produce gases called carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, these dissolve in rainwater to form carbonic acid and sulfuric acid, this acid rain damages

Question 33

Soil pollution

Answer 33

Caused by pesticides, artificial fertilisers and acid rain

Question 34

Water pollution

Answer 34

Rivers, lakes and seas are polluted by fertilisers, sewage, oil and detergents. Fertilisers seep into rivers and cause too much plant growth, bacteria populations boom as they feed on dead plants and no oxygen is left for fish

Question 35

Incineration

Answer 35

Burning the waste this can release dangerous gases into the atmosphere, difficulties with location nobody wants to live near and incinerator

Question 36

Landfill

Answer 36

Burying the waste in ground-damages soil, rivers and ground water, attracts rodents, disease causing bad smell, difficulties as nobody wants to live near landfill sites

Question 37

3 Rs

Answer 37

Reduce reuse recycle to make sure that we do not damage our environment and that future generations will have a nice place to live

Question 38

Reduce

Answer 38

Use your own bag, do not pick the items with extra packaging(use less extra packaging)

Question 39

Recycling

Answer 39

Paper glass some metals and plastics can be processed and reused