Ecology Science Test

Question 1

Consumers that eat only plants are called…

Answer 1

Herbivores

Question 2

Consumers that eat only animals are called

Answer 2

carnivores

Question 3

Consumers that eat both plants and animals are called

Answer 3

omnivores

Question 4

Consumers that feed on the bodies of dead organisms (ex. vultures) are called

Answer 4

scavengers

Question 5

The first organism in a food chain is always a

Answer 5

producer

Question 6

What do decomposers do?

Answer 6

Break down dead plants and animals. Ex. mushrooms

Question 7

A single member of a species is called an _____________, which is the smallest unit of ecological organization.

Answer 7

individual

Question 8

All the members of one species living in a particular area make up a ______________________.

Answer 8

population

Question 9

All the different populations that live together in an area make up a ____________________.

Answer 9

community

Question 10

An __________________ includes both living & nonliving things.

Answer 10

ecosystem

Question 11

A _______________ is a group of ecosystems with similar climates and organisms.

Answer 11

biome

Question 12

Many overlapping food chains in an ecosystem make up a _________ _________.

Answer 12

food web

Question 13

An organism’s particular role in its habitat is its ______________.

Answer 13

niche

Question 14

An organism’s habitat must provide 3 components. What are they? (Hint: Think back to the “Oh,
Deer!” game) ___________________, _________________, and ___________________.

Answer 14

food, water, shelter

Question 15

Living things in an ecosystem are called _________ factors; Nonliving things are called _________ factors.

Answer 15

biotic, abiotic

Question 16

The place where an organism lives that provides the things the organism needs is called its _______.

Answer 16

habitat

Question 17

What is the difference between immigration and emigration of organisms?

Answer 17

Immigration = coming INTO an area, Emigration = EXITing / leaving an area

Question 18

The 3 types of ______________ are parasitism, mutualism, & commensalism.

Answer 18

symbiotic relationships

Question 19

___________________ is a type of symbiosis in which one organism benefits & the other is not
affected in a positive or negative way (“meh.”); Example = A bird building a nest on a cactus plant.

Answer 19

Commensalism

Question 20

In a parasitic relationship, a parasite benefits and the ______________ is harmed.

Answer 20

host

Question 21

____________ is when both organisms benefit; Ex. bacteria in humans’ intestines that make vitamin K

Answer 21

Mutualism

Question 22

The struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with limited resources is called ____________.

Answer 22

competition

Question 23

The number of individuals of a population in a specific area is called ____________ _____________.

Answer 23

population density

Question 24

The largest population that an environment can support is called its ____________ _____________.

Answer 24

carrying capacity

Question 25

A _____________ _____________ is anything that prevents a population from growing larger.

Answer 25

limiting factor

Question 26

The number of births and deaths affect the size of populations. The number of _________ increases the population. The number of ________ decreases the population.

Answer 26

births, deaths

Question 27

What are some ways to get rid of an invasive species? A. B. C.

Answer 27

A. physically removing (ex. Pulling weeds) B. chemically destroying (ex. Weed killing spray) C. biological (ex. eaten by another organism)