Ecology Test

Question 0

What is a habitat?

Answer 0

A place where animals and plants naturally live and grow

Question 1

What is an ecosystem?

Answer 1

A community of organisms in a given area and the abiotic factors that affect them

Question 2

What is a niche?

Answer 2

A habitat that supplies the factors necessary for existence; the role of the organism

Question 3

Abiotic factors

Answer 3

All the nonliving factors in an ecosystem

Question 4

Biotic factors

Answer 4

All the living factors in an ecosystem

Question 5

What is a population?

Answer 5

A group of organisms belonging to the same species that live in a particular area

Question 6

Density dependent population factors

Answer 6

Factors triggered by overpopulation or overcrowding

Question 7

Density independent population factors

Answer 7

Factors that occur regardless of the population

Question 8

What do all organisms need to survive and how do they acquire it?

Answer 8

Energy by cellular respiration and photosynthesis

Question 9

What are autotrophs?

Answer 9

They are “self feeders” aka producers

Question 10

What are heterotrophs?

Answer 10

They are “other feeders” aka consumers

Question 11

Herbivore feeds on

Answer 11

Plants

Question 12

Omnivore feeds on

Answer 12

Plants and animals

Question 13

Carnivore feeds on

Answer 13

Animals

Question 14

Scavenger feeds on

Answer 14

Dead animals

Question 15

Decomposer

Answer 15

Breaks down and absorbs dead organisms and wastes

Question 16

What is a food chain?

Answer 16

Illustrates the flow of energy through an ecosystem

Question 17

What amount of energy is transferred from each tropic level to the next?

Answer 17

10%

Question 18

How much energy is lost through biological processes or as heat?

Answer 18

90%

Question 19

The first trophic level

Answer 19

Producer- produces own food

Question 20

The second trophic level

Answer 20

Primary consumer (herbivore) - eats plants/producers

Question 21

The third trophic level

Answer 21

Secondary consumers (carnivores and omnivores) - eats the herbivores

Question 22

The fourth trophic level

Answer 22

Tertiary consumer (carnivores and omnivores) - eats other carnivores

Question 23

What is symbiosis?

Answer 23

A relationship between organisms of different species

Question 24

Commensalism

Answer 24

A symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other is unaffected

Question 25

Mutualism

Answer 25

A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefits

Question 26

Parasitism

Answer 26

A symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other is harmed

Question 27

Carbon cycle

Answer 27

Cycled by cellular respiration and photosynthesis

Question 28

Nitrogen cycle

Answer 28

Transfer of nitrogen and nitrates from the atmosphere to soil to animals

Question 29

How do humans affect the nitrogen cycle?

Answer 29

By using fertilizer and burning things (wood, fossil fuel) - increases greenhouse effect