ecology unit test

Question 1

abiotic

Answer 1

non-living things

Question 2

biotic

Answer 2

living things

Question 3

sustainability

Answer 3

the ability to interact with other animals and reproduce indefinitely

Question 4

stewardship

Answer 4

taking personal responsibility for the care of something

Question 5

habitat

Answer 5

physical environment that an organism lives in

Question 6

niche

Answer 6

the organism’s job/interactions in an ecosystem

Question 7

biosphere

Answer 7

entire region on earth where life exists

Question 8

atmosphere

Answer 8

layer of gases surrounding the earth

Question 9

lithosphere

Answer 9

earth’s solid surface

Question 10

hydrosphere

Answer 10

water on earth

Question 11

producer

Answer 11

self-feeder: plants + algae

Question 12

consumer

Answer 12

cannot make their own food

Question 13

carnivore

Answer 13

eats animals only

Question 14

scavenger

Answer 14

eats dead animals

Question 15

decomposer

Answer 15

breaks down dead animals (they can be anywhere on the food chain)

Question 16

primary consumer

Answer 16

organism that eats plants

Question 17

secondary consumer

Answer 17

carnivores that eat herbivores

Question 18

territory consumer

Answer 18

animals that eat other animals

Question 19

food chain

Answer 19

group of organisms in order

Question 20

food web

Answer 20

food chains interconnected

Question 21

trophic level

Answer 21

position of an organism in the food chain

Question 22

cellular respiration

Answer 22

process which living things break down sugar

Question 23

runoff

Answer 23

flow of water over the ground surface

Question 24

transpiration

Answer 24

plants take up liquid water from the soil (nitrogen)

Question 25

carbon

Answer 25

all living things contain carbon

Question 26

photosynthesis

Answer 26

process plants use to make energy (glucose)

Question 27

plant role in carbon cycle

Answer 27

absorbs carbon from environment in photosynthesis

Question 28

animal role

Answer 28

obtain carbon by eating plants

Question 29

competition

Answer 29

interactions between two or more organisms competing for the same resource

Question 30

preditation

Answer 30

the predator kills its pray

Question 31

mimicry

Answer 31

a species looks like another species to avoid predation

Question 32

symbiosis

Answer 32

close interactions between two diff species living in the same area

Question 33

mutualism

Answer 33

both organisms benefit

Question 34

commensalism

Answer 34

one organism benefits while the other is unaffected

Question 35

parasitism

Answer 35

one organism benefits while the other is harmed

Question 36

acid rain

Answer 36

pollutants containing nitrogen and sulphur combine w water vapour in the air and from acids

Question 37

pH levels

Answer 37

7 = neutral <7 = acidic (low pH level) >7 = alkaline (high pH level)

Question 38

heavy metals

Answer 38

metal elements that are very dense and are toxic at low concentrations

Question 39

nitrogen

Answer 39

in the air

Question 40

coral bleaching

Answer 40

when the coral is stressed, they take away the algae and the coral becomes white (then usually dies)

Question 41

biomagnification

Answer 41

process that causes higher organisms in the food chain to have greater concentrations of toxins

Question 42

water quality

Answer 42

water is unsafe depending on types and amounts of species present

Question 43

native species

Answer 43

an organism living naturally in its environment without humans (eg. kangaroos in Australia)

Question 44

non-native species

Answer 44

organism that has been introduced by human action

Question 45

ecological footprint

Answer 45

an estimate of how much land and water you need for your lifestyle (land/water needed to grow food)

Question 46

organic farming

Answer 46

no chemical fertilizers or pesticides. not able to produce the same amount of food as non-organic farming

Question 47

no-till farming

Answer 47

leaving the stubble/roots of last year's crops and planting new ones

Question 48

crop rotation

Answer 48

the practice of growing diff crops at diff times

Question 49

biological control

Answer 49

the use of beneficial insects to control unwanted pests

Question 50

integrated past management

Answer 50

method of pest control that uses knowledge about a pest's biology and habitats

Question 51

causes of decreased biodiversity

Answer 51

- climate change - pollution - destruction of habitats