Ecolology questions

Question 1

Green house gases

Answer 1

CO2, CH4, CFCs, N2O, O3

Question 2

Fine airborne particles (PM2,5 particles) deposits in

Answer 2

Bronchiles

PAH, fossil fuel

Question 3

Lung and bladder cancer are associated with exposure to_____in drinking water

Answer 3

arsenic

Question 4

Organophosphates

Answer 4

can inhibit acetylcholine esterase

are nerve poisons

Question 5

Desertification associated with

Answer 5

Malnutrition
infectious diseases
Vitamin A deficiency

Question 6

Pneumoconiosis

Answer 6

Mechanism
Reaction of lung tissue with non fibrogenic coal dust (US)
can be caused by silica contain coal and gangue (da quang)
cause airway hypersensitivity, dust deposition induced fibrosils

Question 7

Agents in biological weapons

Answer 7

Anthrax, Botulinum toxin, Staph. enterotoxin B, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, tularemia, pest, pox, pathogen of hemorrhage fever

Question 8

Major contributing factor involved in foodborne outbreaks

Answer 8

Contamination during food transportation, raw material, inadequate handling, misuse temperature, not store food properly

Question 9

Chronic neurotoxic effects of lead exposure

Answer 9

personal change, memory loss, depression, peripheral neuropathy (paralysis)

Question 10

Components of Los Angeles smoke?

Answer 10

NO2, O3, PAN (peryoxy acetylnitrate)

it is produced due to temperature inversion

Question 11

Which chemical contaminant in drinking water is responsible for the development of skeletal deformities and bone fractures?

Answer 11

Cd (cadmium)

Question 12

What are trihalomethanes?

Answer 12

are chemical compounds in which three of the four hydrogen atoms of methane (CH4) are replaced by halogen atoms
uses in industry as solvents or refrigerants,
THMs are also environmental pollutants, and many are considered carcinogenic
need to know it is the by-product of H2O treatment use in swimmingpool

Question 13

Which are the most important heavy metals in public health aspects?

Answer 13

Hg, Pb, Cd, Ni

Question 14

List at least 5 occupational pollutants causing lung cancer

Answer 14

Asbestos fiber, Coal, Silicon fiber, Berylium fibers,hard metal (W,Ti), Alluminum, Talc

Question 15

What are the symptoms of chronic lead poisoning?

Answer 15

hemolysis anemia, nephropathy, memory loss, still birth, spontaneous abortion, depression, infertility in men, hypertension

Question 16

What are work related disease?

Answer 16

Back pain, occupational asthma, COPD, carpal tunnel syndrome, pneumoconiosis, hand arm vibration syndrome, sick building symdrome…

Question 17

List common vehicles (food groups) causing food poisoning

Answer 17

Milk and diary product
Meat
Seafood
Fish

Question 18

Possible approaches of the prevention and control of iron deficiency

Answer 18

Food based approaches: Food fortification, dietary improvement
Iron supplementation (women)

Question 19

Priority urban air polutants

Answer 19

CO, SO2, (NO)x, O3, SPM (suspended paticles matters), lead

Question 20

Types of biological weapons do not form epidermics

Answer 20

Staph Enterotoxin B
Botulinum toxin
Trichothecene mycotoxin T2

Question 21

Agents of asthma

Answer 21

household allergen, dust, pollen

Question 22

Reason for cadmium bone defects

Answer 22

Causing decrease in Vitamin D, increase in PTH

Question 23

Reason for hyperpigmentation from water

Answer 23

arsenic contamination

Question 24

Nicotine damage in children

Answer 24

change heart rate, BP, breathing pattern, asthma, memory loss, decrease appetite
Sudden death infant

Question 25

Benzene effects

Answer 25

short term: headache tremor, confusion, dizziness, vomitting | long term: myeloid leukemia, anemia

Question 26

Main food source of mercury

Answer 26

fish, vegetable, fruit

Question 27

Mechanism of silicosis

Answer 27

chronic exposure to silica peroxide (SiO2) -> scar tissue -> lung fibrosis -> nodule formation -> respiratory failure

Question 28

PM 10 effects

Answer 28

emphysema, asthma, COPD, lower respiratory tract symptoms

Question 29

Prevention of occupational diseases

Answer 29

Elimination, substitution, change process, control at design, engineering control, maintaining, training, education, protective equipment

Question 30

Mercury effects on oral cavity

Answer 30

gingivitis, stomatitis, increase in saliva

Question 31

Mechanism of greenhouse effect

Answer 31

Normally, surface of the earth just absorb a little amount of solar radiation and reflect the most, now thanks to the green house gases in the cold air layer, they absorbed solar radiation and radiate back to the surface of the earth, result in warming effect!!

Question 32

Reservoirs and way of transmission of menigitis

Answer 32

Human and airborne droplets

Question 33

Effects of Ozone

Answer 33

Short term: nasal discharge, airway irritation, breathing difficulty, lower respiratory tract symptoms, headache Long term: less consistent, risk factor for asthma

Question 34

Main enviromental exposure to mercury

Answer 34

Air, Water, Food, Amalgam tooth filling

Question 35

Biomarker of benzene, toluene, xylene

Answer 35

Benzene: trans, trans mucoaldehyde Toluene: hipuric acid Xylene: o-m-p methyl hipuric acid

Question 36

IARC

Answer 36

1: benzene, arsenic, formaldehyde, PCBs 2a nicotine 2b: THMs, styrene, dichloromethane

Question 37

Ecosphere

Answer 37

Atmosphere Lithosphere Hydrosphere Biosphere

Question 38

POPs

Answer 38

Persistent organic pollutants organochlorine pesticides: aldrin, edrin, DDT, heptachlor chemicals: PCDDs, PCDFs, PCBs

Question 39

CFCs source

Answer 39

air spray, refrigeration, industrial, cleaning

Question 40

Health effects of transplacental PCBs

Answer 40

Low birth weight, pigmented nails, dark pigmentation, facial edema, dental abnormalities

Question 41

Weapons of mass destruction

Answer 41

Are types of weapons, which are able to make large devastation in living organism, military devices, buildings and facilities in short time by the special nature and size of their effect, compared to the traditional weapons if used similarly.

Question 42

List at least 4 acute radiation symptoms

Answer 42

Bleeding, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, headache, fatigue, dizziness

Question 43

Mention 5 casues of bladder cancer

Answer 43

- Aluminum - Rubber industry - Leather industry - 4-aminobiphenyl, - Benzidine

Question 44

Mentinon some components of sick building syndromes

Answer 44

Asthma, asthma like symptoms Neurotoxic signs GI tracts complication Mucous membrane irritations

Question 45

Mention 2 components frequently consumed in French quisine with dietry benefits:

Answer 45

- Resveratrol- lower LDL cholesterol | - Quercetin: reduces risk of cancer