Economic development Flashcards
(35 cards)
How many people lived in England?
2.2 million
What % were urban dwellers?
10%
What was hte population of London?
50,000+
What were the main industries of urban areas?
Wool and cloth, although tin, lead and coal mining and shipbuilding were big as well.
What was Henry’s economic policy?
He didn’t really have one - his policies were the result of lobbying from merchants.
Why did land income decline?
The black death had led to a drop in population so a drop in value.
When did. England move towards sheep farming?
1480s/90s
What does the move towards sheep farming reflect?
low profitability of cop but also increased profitability of wool.
Why did wool become more profitable?
Population growth and growth of overseas trade
Where was mixed farming most common?
The lowlands
What farming was found in the southeast and eats midlands
open field husbandry
What was enclosure?
The putting up of a fence around a field so that one crop could be produced on a larger scale or it could be used for livestock.
Why was enclosure opposed?
It was opposed by villagers who. claimed customary rights to the land.
How did Henry try to deal with enclosure?
IN 1489 he passed an anti-enclosure law but it had little practical effect.
Where did Henry stand on the trade industry?
He recognised its importance to the health of the economy, and a healthy economy would tighten his security.
WHat acts were passed in regards to navigation
The Navigation Acts, which promoted English trade nad broke the monopoly enjoyed by the hanseatic league
When were the navigation acts?
1485-86
What trading company did Henry support?
The Merchant Adventurers, a trading company which controlled the sale of English cloth
How did Henry encourage trade with other countries?
He inserted clauses into every treaty.
What % of export value was cloth responsible for?
90%
How much did cloth export increase under Henry VII?
60%
How did cloth develop under Henry VII?
Shifted from raw wool to finished cloth, which led to the development of weaving, fulling and dyeing industries.
What was the result of the new jobs in the cloth industry?
Rural employment was opened up to supplement agrarian incomes for peasants, and some cloth towns were extremely prosperous
What is an example of a prosperous cloth town?
Lavenham in Suffolk
