Economic Developments Flashcards
(25 cards)
What did Rhineland manufacturers complain about in 1818?
They complained to the Prussian king about internal custom duties.
What was the Prussian tariffs reform law?
It brought in the Prussian customs union.
What was the tariff rate on raw materials and manufactured goods?
There was nothing on raw materials, 10 percent on manufactured goods, and 20 percent on luxury items like sugar and tea.
Why did the Prussian government oppose high tariffs?
They believed high tariffs would encourage smuggling and result in a tariff war.
What did Prussia later introduce regarding tariffs?
They introduced tariffs on raw materials and extended free trade.
Who was Von Motz?
He was the Prussian finance minister aiming to eliminate internal trade barriers.
What was the aim of reducing internal trade barriers?
It meant wider internal markets for cheaper costs.
Which state joined Prussia’s customs union in 1828?
Hesse Darmstadt.
What were the two other important customs unions by 1830?
One was between Bavaria and Wartemburg, and the other was a smaller union known as the Mussel German commercial union.
What did Motz encourage in terms of infrastructure?
He encouraged the building of roads to connect Prussia, Bavaria, Wartemburg, and Frankfurt.
What was the Zollverein?
It was a customs union that expanded to cover 18 states with a population of 23 million by 1834.
What happened in 1836 regarding the Zollverein?
Baden and Frankfurt joined, increasing the states to 25 with a population of 26 million.
What were some difficulties faced by the Zollverein?
The administration did not always work smoothly, and any state could veto a proposal, making decisions hard.
What was Prussia’s aim regarding Austria?
Prussia intended to isolate Austria through free trade.
Why did Austria refuse to join the Zollverein?
Austria disagreed with the policy of free trade and used protectionism.
What was the first railway built and when?
The first railway was built in 1835, connecting Nuremberg and Fürth, and was 6 km long.
How many kilometers of railway tracks were there by 1840?
There were 462 km of railway tracks.
What were some results of railway development?
It made transportation cheaper, encouraged economic activity, made Germans more mobile, and created high demand for coal and iron.
What was the emotional appeal that enticed Germans in the 1840s?
The growing numbers of Germans were enticed by the emotional appeal of nationalism.
What crisis occurred in 1840?
There was a possibility that France could invade the German states along the Rhine, generating a nationalist upsurge.
What was significant about Schleswig and Holstein in 1846?
They were ruled by the Danish king, and their situation created support for German unification.
What did the liberals achieve in Baden in 1846?
They managed to obtain a relaxation of press censorship.
What developments occurred in Prussia during the 1840s?
King Frederick William III died in 1840, and he had previously agreed to establish provisional diets in 1823.
What did Frederick William III do in 1842?
He arranged for the diet to elect representatives.
