Ecosystem: What are they and how do they work?

Question 1

key component of environmental science

Answer 1

ecology

Question 2

science that focuses on how organisms interact with one another and with their nonliving environment of matter and energy

Answer 2

ecology

Question 3

community of organisms that interact with each other and non-living components

Answer 3

ecosystem

Question 4

all the ecosystems present on Earth combined

Answer 4

ecosystem

Question 5

Ecosystem are divided into:

Answer 5

Terrestrial, Aquatic

Question 6

living components of an ecosystem

Answer 6

biotic

Question 7

non-living components of an ecosystem

Answer 7

abiotic

Question 8

ecosystem maintained or created artificially by man

Answer 8

Artificial Ecosystem

Question 9

These ecosystems operate by themselves under natural conditions

Answer 9

Natural Ecosystem

Question 10

Structure of Ecosystem

Answer 10

composition of biological community, quantity and distribution of non-living material, rage of condition of existence

Question 11

structural aspect of ecosystem

Answer 11

inorganic and organic, climatic regimes, producer and consumers

Question 12

functional aspect of ecosystem

Answer 12

energy cycle, food chains, diversity-interlink ages between organism and evolution

Question 13

physical and chemical factors that directly or indirectly affect the living components

Answer 13

non-living components (Abiotic)

Question 14

either producer or consumer

Answer 14

living components (Biotic)

Question 15

Biotic Components

Answer 15

Producer, Consumer, Decomposers or Detritivores

Question 16

Four Types of Consumer

Answer 16

Primary Consumer, Secondary Consumer, Tertiary Consumer, Quaternary Consumer

Question 17

Categories of Producer

Answer 17

Photoautotrophs, Chemotrophs

Question 18

organism capable of synthesizing its own food from inorganic substances using light as an energy source

Answer 18

Photoautotrophs

Question 19

organisms that obtain energy by the oxidation of electron donors in their environments; can be organic (chemoorganotrophs) or inorganic (chemolithotrophs)

Answer 19

Chemotrophs

Question 20

The flow of energy in the ecosystem

Answer 20

unidirectional and non-cyclic

Question 21

takes place in a unidirectional manner through a single channel of producers to herbivores or carnivores

Answer 21

Single Channel Energy Flow Model

Question 22

interconnected, interlocking pattern of food chain

Answer 22

Food Web

Question 23

process through which ecosystems tend to change over a period of time

Answer 23

ecological succession

Question 24

phenomenon by which community progressively transforms itself until a stable community is formed

Answer 24

ecological succession

Question 25

Two Types of Succession

Answer 25

Primary Succession, Secondary Succession

Question 26

area where life starts from scratch

Answer 26

Primary Succession

Question 27

life starts at a place after the area has lost all the life form existing there

Answer 27

Secondary Succession

Question 28

developed a descripted theory of succession and advanced it as a general ecological concept

Answer 28

F.E. Clement

Question 29

Phases of Clement’s Theory of Succession

Answer 29

Nudation, Migration, Ecesis, Competition, Reaction, Stabilization

Question 30

begins with the development of a bare site

Answer 30

Nudation

Question 31

arrivals of propagules

Answer 31

Migration

Question 32

involves establishment and initial growth of vegetation

Answer 32

Ecesis

Question 33

as vegetation established, grew, and spread, various species began to compete for space, light, and nutrients

Answer 33

Competition

Question 34

during this phase, autogenic changes affect the habitat resulting in replacement of one plant to community by another

Answer 34

Reaction

Question 35

development of a climax community

Answer 35

Stabilization