EcoSystems

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

The food-making process in plants that takes place in chloroplasts within cells. The process uses carbon dioxide, water and energy from the sun.

Question 2

Producers/autotrophs

Answer 2

Organism at the base of the food chain that does not need to feed on other organisms; also known as an autotroph

Question 3

Chemical reaction for photosynthesis

Answer 3

Carbon dioxide + water -light and chlorophyll > glucose + oxygen

Question 4

Chemical reaction for photosynthesis in chemical symbols

Answer 4

6CO2 + 6H2O - light and chlorophyll > C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 5

Process of photosynthesis

Answer 5

Chloroplasts contains Grana contains Chlorophyll absorbs Light energy used to make Glucose

Question 6

Cellular respiration

Answer 6

The chemical reaction involving oxygen that moves the energy in glucose into the compound ATP. The body is able to use the energy contained in ATP.

Question 7

What does ATP stand for?

Answer 7

Adenosine Tri Phosphate

Question 8

Aerobic respiration

Answer 8

The chemical breakdown of food using oxygen. The reaction needs enzymes, occurs in all body cells and releases energy.

Question 9

Glycolysis

Answer 9

Process by which glucose is converted into a simple form, during which energy is released.

Question 10

Cytosol

Answer 10

The fluid found inside cells

Question 11

Krebs cycle

Answer 11

Part of the aerobic respiration process in which carbon dioxide and ATP (energy) are produced.

Question 12

Electron transport chain reactions

Answer 12

Part of the aerobic process.

Question 13

Mitochondria

Answer 13

Small rod-shaped organelles that supply energy to other parts of the cell. They are usually too small to be seen with light microscopes.

Question 14

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 14

The chemical breakdown of food without oxygen. The reaction needs enzymes, occurs in cells and releases less energy than aerobic respiration.

Question 15

Lactic acid

Answer 15

An end product of anaerobic respiration in animals; also known as lactate

Question 16

Ethanol

Answer 16

An end product of anaerobic respiration in plants; a form of alcohol.

Question 17

Obligate anaerobes

Answer 17

Organisms that can respire only anaerobically in the absence of oxygen.

Question 18

Organism

Answer 18

Living thing

Question 19

Species

Answer 19

A group of living organisms capable of interbreeding with each other but not with members of other species.

Question 20

Population

Answer 20

A group of individuals of the same species living in the same area at a particular time.

Question 21

Community

Answer 21

More than one population living in the same area at a particular time.

Question 22

Ecosystem

Answer 22

Communities of organisms that interact with each other and their environment.

Question 23

Ecology

Answer 23

The study of ecosystems

Question 24

Producers/autotroph

Answer 24

Organism at the base of the food chain that does not need to feed on other organisms

Question 25

Decomposers

Answer 25

Organisms that break down organic matter into inorganic materials.

Question 26

Consumers/heterotroph

Answer 26

Organisms that relies on other organisms for its food

Question 27

Primary consumers/first-order consumer

Answer 27

The first consumer in a food chain (in the second trophic level).

Question 28

Herbivores

Answer 28

Animal that eats only plants

Question 29

Carnivores

Answer 29

An animals that eats other animals

Question 30

Omnivores

Answer 30

Animal that eats plants and other animals

Question 31

Decomposers/Detrivores

Answer 31

Animal that feeds on and breaks down dead plant or animal matter.

Question 32

Ecological niche

Answer 32

The position of a species or population in its ecosystem in relation to each other.

Question 33

Competition

Answer 33

The struggle among organisms for food, territory, and other factors.

Question 34

Parasitism

Answer 34

An interaction in which one species (parasite) lives in or on another species from which it obtains food, shelter, and other requirements.

Question 35

Mutualism

Answer 35

Relationship between two different organisms in which both benefit.

Question 36

Commensalism

Answer 36

Relationship between organisms where one benefits and the other is unaffected.

Question 37

Interspecific competition

Answer 37

Competition between organisms of the same species.

Question 38

Intraspecific competition

Answer 38

Competition between organisms of different species.

Question 39

Predator-prey relationship

Answer 39

Relationship between organisms in which one species kills and eats another species.

Question 40

Symbiotic relationships

Answer 40

Very close relationship between two organisms of different species. It may benefit or harm one of the partners.

Question 41

What is the difference between a decomposer and a detrivore?

Answer 41

A decomposer comes in the form of fungi or bacteria, whereas a detrivore can come in other forms like a worm, and they consume the waste of organisms

Question 42

Chemosynthetic

Answer 42

Describes organisms that produce organic material using energy released from chemical reactions rather than light.

Question 43

Food chains

Answer 43

Diagram that shows how the energy stored in one organism is passed to another.

Question 44

Food webs

Answer 44

Diagram showing several food chains joined together to demonstrate that animals eat more than one type of food.

Question 45

Trophic level

Answer 45

A level within a food chain, food web, or food pyramid.

Question 46

Secondary consumer/second-order consumer

Answer 46

The second consumer in a food chain (in the third trophic level).

Question 47

Energy pyramid

Answer 47

A representation of the level of food energy at each level within a food chain.

Question 48

Pyramid of numbers

Answer 48

A representation of the population, or numbers of organisms, at each level within a food chain.

Question 49

Pyramid of biomass

Answer 49

A representation of the dry mass of organisms at each level within a food chain.

Question 50

Birth rate

Answer 50

The number of organisms within a population that are born within a particular period of time.

Question 51

Death rate

Answer 51

The number of organisms within a population that die within a particular period of time.

Question 52

Immigration

Answer 52

The number of individuals moving into an area.

Question 53

Emigration

Answer 53

The number of individuals leaving an area.

Question 54

Exponential growth

Answer 54

A rapid increase in number or size, represented by a J-shaped graph.

Question 55

Sigmoid

Answer 55

The shape of a graph that shows a population increasing in number then reaching a plateau.

Question 56

Equilibrium

Answer 56

A state in which conditions are balanced and there is neither growth nor a decrease in number; also known as a steady state or plateau phase.

Question 57

Zero population growth

Answer 57

The point at which birth and death rates balance each other out.

Question 58

Carrying capacity

Answer 58

The maximum population size that a particular environment can sustain.

Question 59

Predation

Answer 59

An interaction between animal species where one animal kills and eats the other