Ecosystems

Question 1

Chemosynthetic

Answer 1

Organisms that produce organic material using energy released from chemical reactions rather than light

Question 2

Food Chain

Answer 2

A diagram that shows how the energy stored in one organism is passed into another organism

Question 3

Food Web

Answer 3

A diagram that shows multiple food chains. Demonstrating how an animal can be eaten by multiple predators

Question 4

Trophic Level

Answer 4

A level between within a food chain, food web or food pyramid

Question 5

First Order

Answer 5

Organisms that are under the 2nd trophic level. Mainly herbivores and are known as the primary consumers.

Question 6

Primary Consumer

Answer 6

The first consumer in the food chain also the known as the first order consumer.

Question 7

Second-order

Answer 7

Organisms that is within the third trophic level of a food chain (carnivores); also known as a secondary consumer

Question 8

Secondary consumers

Answer 8

The second consumer in a food chain; also known as a second-order consumer

Question 9

Energy pyramid:

Answer 9

A representation of the level of food energy at each level within a food chain

Question 10

Pyramid of numbers

Answer 10

A representation of the population, or numbers of organisms, at each level within a food chain

Question 11

Pyramid of biomass:

Answer 11

A representation of the dry mass of organisms at each level within a food chain

Question 12

Birth rate:

Answer 12

The number of organisms within a population that are born within a particular period of time

Question 13

Death rate

Answer 13

The number of organisms within a population that die within a particular period of time

Question 14

Immigration

Answer 14

The number of individuals moving into an area

Question 15

Emigration

Answer 15

The number of individuals moving out off an area

Question 16

Exponential growth

Answer 16

A rapid increase in number or size, represented by a J-shaped graph

Question 17

Sigmoid

Answer 17

The shape of a graph that shows a population increasing in number then reaching a plateau

Question 18

Steady state

Answer 18

equilibrium

Question 19

Plateau phase

Answer 19

equilibrium

Question 20

Equilibrium

Answer 20

A state in which conditions are balanced and there is neither growth nor a decrease in number; also known as steady state or plateau phase

Question 21

Zero population growth

Answer 21

The point at which birth and death rates balance each other out

Question 22

Carrying capacity

Answer 22

The maximum population size that a particular environment can sustain

Question 23

Producers

Answer 23

Organisms that are at the base of the food chain that does not need to feed on other organisms can also be known as an autotroph

Question 24

Autotrophs

Answer 24

An organism that makes its own food

Question 25

Photosynthesis

Answer 25

The food-making process in plants that takes place in chloroplasts within cells. The process uses carbon dioxide, water and energy from the sun.

Question 26

Metabolism

Answer 26

The chemical reactions occurring within an organism that enable the organism to use energy and grow and repair cells

Question 27

Cellular respiration

Answer 27

The chemical reaction involving oxygen that moves the energy in glucose into the compound ATP. The body is able to use the energy contained in ATP.

Question 28

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Answer 28

A form of energy released during cellular respiration that provides cells with the energy needed to perform their functions

Question 29

Aerobic respiration

Answer 29

The chemical breakdown of food using oxygen. The reaction needs enzymes, occurs in all body cells and releases energy.

Question 30

Glycolysis

Answer 30

The process in which glucose is converted into a simple form, during which energy is released

Question 31

Cytosol

Answer 31

The liquid found inside cells

Question 32

Krebs cycle

Answer 32

The part of the aerobic respiration process in which carbon dioxide and ATP (energy) are produced

Question 33

Electron transport chain reactions

Answer 33

The part of the aerobic respiration process

Question 34

Mitochondria

Answer 34

The small rod-shaped organelles that supply energy to other parts of the cell. They are usually too small to be seen with light microscopes. Singular = mitochondrion.

Question 35

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 35

The chemical breakdown of food without oxygen. The reaction needs enzymes, occurs in cells and releases less energy than aerobic respiration.

Question 36

Lactic acid

Answer 36

An end product of anaerobic respiration in animals; also known as lactate

Question 37

Ethanol

Answer 37

An end product of anaerobic respiration in plants; a form of alcohol

Question 38

Eutrophication

Answer 38

A form of water pollution involving an excess of nutrients such as nitrates and phosphorus, resulting in algal blooms and possible death of fish and other organisms