EcoSystems and Distribution of Organisms

Question 1

Biodiversity

Answer 1

The total variety and abundance of different species present in a an ecosystem

Question 2

Populations

Answer 2

Number of organism of the same species in an ecosytem

Question 3

Community

Answer 3

Populations of different species living in an area

Question 4

Ecosystem

Answer 4

A community of organisms living in a particular habitat and their interactions with each other and their shared environment

Question 5

Habitat

Answer 5

The place where an organism lives

Question 6

Species

Answer 6

A group of organism that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring

Question 7

Herbivore

Answer 7

An organism the consumes only plant material

Question 8

Carnivore

Answer 8

An organism that consumes only animal material

Question 9

Omnivore

Answer 9

An organism that consume plant and animal material

Question 10

Consumer

Answer 10

An organism that eats other organism to obtain a food source

Question 11

Producer

Answer 11

Green plant which makes their own food source through the process of photysynthesis

Question 12

Prey

Answer 12

An organism that is hunted and killed by predators

Question 13

Predator

Answer 13

An organism, that hunts and kills other animals for food

Question 14

Indicator Species

Answer 14

A species that by their presence or absence indicates levels of environmental qualities
-water pollution
-air population

Question 15

Niche

Answer 15

The role an organism plays in a community relates to
-the resource it requires
-interactions with other organisms

Question 16

Abiotic Factors

Answer 16

Non Living factors that affect the distribution of organisms living in an ecosystem

Question 17

Example of Abiotic Factors

Answer 17

PH
Light Intensity
Temperature
Soil Moisture

Question 18

Biotic Factors

Answer 18

Living factor that affect the distribution of organism in an ecosystem

Question 19

Example Of Biotic factors

Answer 19

Competition
Grazing
Predation
Food Availability
Disease

Question 20

Food Chain And Web

Answer 20

-shows feeding relationships
-represents energy flow

Question 21

Stable Ecosystem

Answer 21

A stable ecosystem has a wide variety of organisms living and their interacting with each other

Question 22

Sampling Abiotic Factors

Answer 22

Thermometer
Light Meter
Moisture/ Ph meter

Question 23

How to measure temperature(abiotic)

Answer 23

-thermometer
A source of error is not leaving it in for enough time
Leave it in for at least 1 min

Question 24

How to measure light intensity(abiotic)

Answer 24

-light meter
A source of error is shading in light meter
Point sensor directly at light source

Question 25

How to measure soil moisture/ph(abiotic)

Answer 25

-Moisture/Ph meter A source of error is cross-contamination between samples Clean the probe between readings

Question 26

Quadrat

Answer 26

A quadrat is a square frame with a known area Used to estimate the number of plants or slow moving animal in a given area

Question 27

Source of Error Quadrat

Answer 27

Using a small sample size -Set several quadrats to ensure the results are reliable(increase sample size) Sample sites may be specifically chosen -Throw quadrat at random to ensure results are not biased Counting Organisms more than once -Follow simple counting rules to ensure each organism is only counted once

Question 28

Pitfall Trap

Answer 28

-Its a cup placed level with the ground and covered with leaves -Used to estimate the number of small active animals in a given area

Question 29

Source of Error Pitfall

Answer 29

Using a small sample size - Set up several pitfall traps to ensure the results are reliable The trapped organism may be eaten by predators - Camouflage the pitfall trap using foliage(leaf) The trapped organism may escape -Check contents regularly

Question 30

Biological Keys

Answer 30

Used to identify different organism based on their physical appearance

Question 31

Competition

Answer 31

Occurs when resources required for survival are available is short supply. -one species is successful while the other is successful

Question 32

Interspecific Competition

Answer 32

Between individuals of two different species for 1 or few resources they require. Less Intense

Question 33

Intraspecific Competition

Answer 33

Between members of the same species for the exact same resources. More Intense

Question 34

Transect Line

Answer 34

Sample at 1m intervals NOT RANDOM