Ectoparasites 4

Question 1

what is myiasis?

Answer 1

parasitic infection of the body of a live animal by fly larvae

Question 2

what species cause wool strike in sheep?

Answer 2

Lucilia cuprina
Lucilia sericata

Question 3

what are the predisposing factors of wool strike in sheep?

Answer 3

soiled wool
heavy rain
high humidity, high temperature
skin folds

Question 4

what families take part in myiasis?

Answer 4

Calliphoridae
Sarcophagidae

Question 5

what are the distribution patterns in wool strike in sheep?

Answer 5

perineum, genitalia: urine, feces, breeding, lambing
head: butting
feet: foot rot
flanks, ventral neck, withers: fleece rot after heavy rain

Question 6

how do you treat wool strike?

Answer 6

clip soiled wool
wound management and removal of larvae
drug depending on species
preventative measures

Question 7

what are some drug options for wool strike?

Answer 7

dips/plunges/sprays/jetting with organophosphates
insect growth regulators
SC avermectins: less effective

Question 8

when is fly strike in rabbits with moist dermatitis most prevalent?

Answer 8

summer in temperate climate

Question 9

what are some predisposing factors for fly strike in rabbits with moist dermatitis?

Answer 9

husbandry
outdoor or mixed outdoor/indoor
dental diseases
obesity
diarrhea
urinary tract diseases

Question 10

how is fly strike in rabbits/dogs/cats treated?

Answer 10

clipping, mechanical removal of larvae
wound management
supportive care
topical antibiotics
systemic antibiotics
subcutaneous avermectins
Nitenpyram (capstar)
address underlying condition

Question 11

are bots and grubs species-specific?

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

what species are cattle grubs?

Answer 12

Hypoderma bovis
Hypoderma lineatum

Question 13

what is the veterinary relevance in economic losses of cattle grubs?

Answer 13

decreased milk production
weight loss
depreciation value carcass

Question 14

how are cattle grubs treated?

Answer 14

mechanical removal
drug
pour-on avermectins or organophosphates

Question 15

what causes cuterebriasis?

Answer 15

Cuterebra spp

Question 16

what are the hosts of Cuterebra spp?

Answer 16

obligate: rodents and lagomorphs
accidental: dogs, cats, humans

Question 17

what are the mechanisms that Cuterebra spp use?

Answer 17

tissue damage and secondary infections
ectopic or aberrant larva migrans
anaphylactic reactions

Question 18

what can larva migrans cause with Cuterebra spp?

Answer 18

ischemic encephalopathy in cats
neurologic abnormalities
ocular diseases

Question 19

how are Cuterebra spp treated?

Answer 19

mechanical removal

Question 20

what causes nematode dermatitis in bovine?

Answer 20

Stephanofilariasis

Question 21

what is the vector of Stephanofilariasis?

Answer 21

Hematobia irritans: fly

Question 22

what does Stephanofilariasis cause?

Answer 22

variable pruritus
papulocrustous dermatitis

Question 23

what causes nematode dermatitis in dogs/bovine?

Answer 23

Pelodera strongyloides

Question 24

how do dogs, cattle, swine, horses, rodents, humans get infected with Pelodera strongyloides?

Answer 24

L3 invade skin
direct contact

Question 25

how is Pelodera strongyloides diagnosed?

Answer 25

skin scrapings or hair plucking skin biopsy

Question 26

what is the treatment for nematode dermatitis?

Answer 26

clean environment avermectins

Question 27

what families cause myiasis?

Answer 27

calliphoridae: blowflies sarcophagidae: flesh flies

Question 28

what parasites are in the calliphorida?

Answer 28

facultative: Lucilia cuprina obligate: Cochliomyia hominivorax

Question 29

how many eggs can an adult female calliphoridae fly lay?

Answer 29

200

Question 30

what subfamilies are in the family oestridae?

Answer 30

oestrinae: sheep nasal bots hypodermatinae: cattle grubs cuterebrinae: rodent bot fly

Question 31

what is the veterinary relevance of cattle grubs in the mechanisms by which they cause problems?

Answer 31

irritation, excitability of adult flies tissue damage: larva migrans and cysts ectopic or aberrant larva migrans: brain anaphylactic reactions

Question 32

what are the differentials for what stephanofilariasis causes?

Answer 32

pelodera dermatophytosis pyoderma demodicosis chorioptic mange contact dermatitis

Question 33

how do you treat stephanofilariasis?

Answer 33

topical organophosphates ivermectin

Question 34

how can parasites in myiasis be identified?

Answer 34

third-stage larvae posterior spiracles

Question 35

what is the life cycle for wool strike in sheep?

Answer 35

10-21 days

Question 36

what preventative measures can be employed for wool strike?

Answer 36

tail amputation clip lumbar/perigenital areas Mules' operation

Question 37

what is the most prevalent cause of death in rabbits?

Answer 37

myiasis toxemia, sepsis follow

Question 38

who can you give nitenpyram (capstar) to?

Answer 38

dogs cats reptiles

Question 39

who do cattle grubs infect?

Answer 39

cattle european deer occasionally horses humans alpacas

Question 40

when should you use pour-on avermectins with bot flies?

Answer 40

after adult flies' activity ceases to avoid neurological or gastrointestinal adverse effects due to larvicidal treatment

Question 41

is stephanofilariasis seasonal?

Answer 41

no

Question 42

what is the distribution and clinical signs of stephanofilariasis?

Answer 42

ventral distribution, face, neck variable pruritis, papulocrustous dermatitis

Question 43

what are the clinical signs of Pelodera strongyloides?

Answer 43

variable pruritic erythema, alopecia, scaling, crusting, pustules ventral distribution

Question 44

how is Pelodera strongyloides treated?

Answer 44

avermectins 2 applications moxidectin/imidacloprid 2 weeks apart clean environment