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Module 18: Ruminant Production > Ectoparasites of Ruminants > Flashcards

Ectoparasites of Ruminants Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

what is the generation time for lice

A

~3-5 weeks

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2
Q

what is the generation time for mange mites

A

~2-3 weeks

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3
Q

what is the survival off the host for lice

A

3-7 days

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4
Q

what is the survival off the host for mites

A

up to 3 weeks

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5
Q

what is the survival off the host for chorioptes

A

up to 10 weeks

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6
Q

what are the cattle lice species

A
  1. biting/chewing lice: Bovicola bovis
  2. sucking lice:
  • long nosed cattle louse: Linognathus vituli
  • short nosed louse: uncommon: Solenopotes capillatus
  • little blue cattle louse: uncommon Haematopinus eurysternus
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7
Q

what are the predilection sites of cattle lice

A

sucking lice (head, neck):

  • Linognathus vituli
  • Solenopotes capillatus
  • Haematopinus eurysternus

Biting lice (withers, back):

  • Bovicola bovis
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8
Q

what are mange mites of cattle

A

Chewing mites:

  • Chorioptes bovis

Burrowing mite:

  • Sarcoptes scabiei

Sucking mite

  • Psoroptes ovis
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9
Q

what are the mange common sites

A

Head/neck mange:

  • Sarcoptes scabiei

Body mange:

  • Psoroptes bovis

Heel/tail mange:

  • Chorioptes bovis
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10
Q

what are the lesions of chorioptic mange

A

Classically discrete lesions in the skin folds on either side of the tail with little inflammation

Lesions can be more extensive in that region with more marked dermatitis and self inflicted traumatic damage to skin

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11
Q

what are risk factors of severe chorioptic mange

A

House

Stanchion

Straw bedding

Poor condition

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12
Q

what are the risk factors of psoroptic mange

A

Light color

Belgian blues

Charollais

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13
Q

what are the lesions of psoroptic mange like

A

Inflammation, exudation

hypersensitivity

Mites at periphery

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14
Q

what lice species is this

A

Bovicola bovis

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15
Q

what lice species is this

A

Linognathus vituli

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16
Q

what lice species is this

A

Solenopotes capillatus

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17
Q

what species of lice is this

A

Haematopinus eurysternus

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18
Q

what specie of lice is this

A

bovicola bovis

rounded mouthparts

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19
Q

what species of lice is this

A

piercing mouthparts

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20
Q

what species of mange mite is this

A

Chorioptes bovis

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21
Q

what species of mange mite is this

A

Sarcoptes scabiei

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22
Q

what species of mange mite is this

A

psoroptes ovis

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23
Q

what species of mange mite is this

A

psoroptic mange

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24
Q

what sarcoptic mange lesions like

Study These Flashcards
A

Thick crusts

Hyperkeratosis

Intensely pruritic

Self trauma

25
what species of mange mite is this
sarcoptes scabiei
26
what lesion is shown here
sarcoptic mange
27
what is the impact of ectoparasites
1. clinical disease 2. production losses 3. behavioural changes 4. hide damage
28
how do diagnose ectoparasites
1. visual inspection 2. sampling 3. skin scrapes for mange mites
29
what are ectoparasiticide products for lice and mange in cattle
30
what does successful treatment of ectoparasites (4)
1. need correct product and route of admin 2. all animals treated at same time 3. avoid contact with untreated animals 4. good nutrition
31
describe what products are effective on lice, and mange
32
what are the mainstay of treatments
Pyrethroids are mainstay Pour on products that are largely effective against all of the lice species but not all of the mite species Different amounts of persistency
33
what are winter ectoparasites of sheep
Sheep scab (Psoroptes ovis) lice (*bovicola ovis)*
34
what does sheep scap (psoroptes ovis) cause
Inflammation, exudation hypersensitivity Mites at periphery
35
what is the impact of sheep scap
Welfare of diseased animals Rapid loss of condition in ewes Poor lamb crop Poor growth rates in fattening lambs Hide damage Reduced wool clip Deaths Treatment costs and welfare Notifiable in Scotland
36
how is sheep scap transmitted directly
At markets, shows etc From bought in animals At boundaries with other flocks On shared grazing
37
how is sheep scap transmitted indirectly
In transit At markets On fences Shearing equipment
38
how is sheep scab controlled
Dips Injectables Movement control Biosecurity * ELISA tests to test for asymptomatic carriers
39
what are the treatments for sheep scabs
Organophosphates are very effective and the dip can wash away the lesion material MLs: Effective against endoparasites as well so need to be careful using appropriately to prevent resistance
40
what are two other mange species in sheep
Sarcoptic mange (Sarcoptes scabiei) Scrotal mange (Chorioptes ovis)
41
what are lice species in sheep
Biting lice (Bovicola ovis) * Welfare * Fleece quality * Merinos in Australia Sucking lice (Linognathus spp) * Anemia/irritation
42
what are insecticides used to treat and control sheep lice
43
what is sheep ked caused by
melophagus ovinus
44
what species are midge and what is their significance
culicoides spp vector for blue tongue
45
what species causes nasal bot
esutrus ovis irriatation
46
what are the treatments for nasal bot
47
what is the seasonality of blowfly strike
48
what are primary factors that can cause blowfly strike
fleece humidity fecal soiling development rate of flies (birth rate, death rate)
49
what are secondary factors that can cause blowfly strike
sheep: weather wool length parasitic worms flies: food natural enemies breeding sites
50
what are risk factors of strike
Diarrhea & fecal staining of wool * PGE in lambs Late shearing: * No ‘dagging’ (removal of fecal impacted wool around breech)
51
how are blowfly controlled
Ectoparasiticides Sprays (persistency) Dips Traps Carcass disposa Dagging/shearing Worming
52
what are insecticides for the treatment and control of blowfly strike
53
what are ticks of ruminants
ixodes ricinus
54
what is the importance of ruminants
vector as a disease
55
what are vectors of disease that ticks spread in cattle and sheep
cattle: babesiosis (red water) sheep: tick borne fever, louping ill, tick pyemia, Q fever
56
what is the life cycle of the tick
57
what are acaricides for control of ticks
58
what are external parasites for cattle at pasture
Flies and ticks Midges

Module 18: Ruminant Production (25 decks)

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