Eczema and Allergies Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is the underlying pathology of atopic eczema?
Mutations in the filagrin gene impairing the skin barrier
Presentation of atopic eczema (4)
Lichenification
Dry skin
Flexural rash
Erythemal scalin
Pathological findings in atopic eczema (2)
Spongiotic dermatitis
Stressed keratinocytes
Complication of atopic eczema
Infection with herpes
= eczema herpeticum
Management of mild eczema
Emollient
Hydrocortisone 1%
Management of moderate eczema
Emollient
Betametasone 0.025% or Clobetasone butyrate
Management of severe eczema
Emollient
Betametasone 0.1%
Consider oral steroid in extreme cases
Pathogenesis of allergic contact dermatitis
Type IV hypersensitivity
Presentation of allergic contact dermatitis
Acute weeping eczema
Investigation of allergic contact dermatitis
Patch testing
Management of allergic contact dermatitis
Topical steroid
Pathogenesis of irritant contact dermatitis
Non immunological, chemical irritation
Presentation of irritant contact dermatitis
Crusting eczema
Management of irritant contact dermatitis
Avoidance of trigger
Presentation of seborrheic eczema
Itchy, yellow flaking eczema which is usually found on the scalp
Management of seborrheic eczema
Ketoconazole cream or shampoo depending on the location
Consider using hydrocortisone for flare-ups
Presentation of pompholyx eczema
Restricted to the hands and feet
See watery and itchy blisters
Management of pompholyx eczema
Potent corticosteroid
Pathogenesis of Type I Hypersensitivity
Exposure to allergen produces IgE
IgE binds to FRC1 receptors on mast cells which triggers degranulation
Presentation of T1 Hypersensitivity
Urticaria
Angioedema
Anaphylaxis
Management of Urticaria
Anti-histamine
Consider steroids
Management of Anaphylaxis (Adult)
500 micrograms IM adrenaline ASAP Rapid fluid resuscitation 10mg chlorphenamine 200mg hydrocortisone 5mg salbutamol
