education Flashcards
(32 cards)
What did Davis and Moore argue about education?
Education sifts and sorts individuals to fill functionally important economic roles.
Who criticised Davis and Moore’s views on education and why?
Tumin criticised them, questioning the objective measurement of functional importance and calling their argument tautologous.
What is Bourdieu’s (1986) key criticism of meritocracy in education?
He argued that differences in cultural capital give advantages to middle and upper classes, so schools are not truly meritocratic.
What role does IQ testing play according to Bourdieu?
IQ testing is part of cultural reproduction where powerful groups define intelligence to benefit themselves.
What is the correspondence principle according to Bowles and Gintis (2002)?
The structure and values of the workplace are reflected in the school system.
According to Bowles and Gintis, what drives educational inequality?
Economic inequality drives educational inequality, not the other way around.
What did Althusser (1971) argue about the role of schools?
Schools are an ideological state apparatus (ISA) that transform pupil consciousness to accept their future positions in an unequal workplace.
How did Althusser link vocational education to social control?
He argued that vocational education serves the interests of the ruling elite.
What does Saunders (1996) argue about social mobility?
Social mobility is the result of individual life choices rather than class, ethnicity, or gender.
According to Saunders, why do middle-class children achieve academically?
Middle-class parents invest heavily in education, and, combined with hard work, this leads to higher qualifications.
What belief about intelligence does Saunders promote?
He claims intelligence differs between social classes due to social and developmental factors.
What is the view of social democratic theory on education according to Chitty (2009)?
Education and training are essential to transforming low-skill economies into high-skill ones.
What did Young argue about the school curriculum?
The formal curriculum reflects the interests of the ruling class in capitalist societies.
What did Self and Zealey (2007) find about gender and education?
Gendered subject choices in school can lead to different subject choices at the undergraduate level.
How did Gardner (1999) challenge traditional views of intelligence?
He argued intelligence is plural, defining at least 7 distinct types.
What aspect of IQ tests was questioned by Flynn (1987)?
IQ tests primarily measure linguistic and logical-mathematical abilities.
According to Kaplan (1998), what factors influence IQ test performance?
Education, reading habits, test experience, cultural upbringing, and health all influence IQ test scores.
What issue did Becker examine in schools?
Labelling and its impact on academic success, focusing on teachers’ views of the ‘ideal pupil.’
What was Hargreaves’ (1975) contribution to the study of labelling?
He found that labelling could lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy and is influenced by the context and frequency with which labels are applied.
What did Hargreaves find about streaming and social class?
He found a correlation between social class and streaming, which reinforces inequalities and encourages subcultures.
According to Bird (1980), which labels are more likely to be accepted by pupils?
Pupils are more likely to accept academic labels than behavioural ones, particularly in larger schools.
What did Nash (1972) study in relation to teacher attitudes?
How teachers’ beliefs about students are transmitted through attitudes and behaviour, affecting student success.
According to Gerwirtz (1998), what does the type of school attended influence?
It can create a self-fulfilling prophecy of success or failure.
How did Mirza critique labelling theory?
She argued it was too deterministic, citing black girls who worked against negative labels to achieve success.
