Education Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is formal education ?
Education that takes place in an institution e,g, university, school, college. Where you learn knowledge and skills across a wide range of subjects
What is informal education ?
Education that takes place when people gain knowledge and skills from observing , everything around them
Name 3 functionalist views on education
- Secondary socialisation: Education provides teaching on society’s norms and values
- Social mobility: Education allows students to move the up the social ladder.
- Social cohesion: Allows for pupils of different ethnicities to work together and learn about each other. Creating tolerance between races, and ethnicities.
Explain the Marxist view on Education system
marxists believe the bourgeoisie can afford to get the resources for their child to excel in school, whereas poorer familes can’t afford it
marxists believe that it encourages divide in society. Working class children accept position.
Teaches children to obey those above them, those in power. Helping the bourgeoisie control lower classes
Advantages and Disadvantages of state school
\+ Free and so don't cost a lot of money \+ Normally very close to people's ( student's) houses \+ Provides resources - Normally under-supported (money) - Oversubscribed - Quality of education is not very good
Advantages and Disadvantages of Private school
+ High grade of education
+ Latest resources
+ Own curriculum
- Expensive
- Exlude pupils (not inclusive/ very selective)
- Own curriculum (they do not learn same curriculum as everyone else ) ad/dis
Advantages and Disadvantages of Faith Schools
\+ Teaches specifically on specific faith \+ Specialised curriculum \+ Produces students with strong identity - May exclude pupils based on faith - Don't follow national curriculum - May force religion of pupils/teach to disrespect other religions (moral issues)
Name educational trends in last 30 years
- Middle and upper class children do better in school than working class children.
- Some ethnic minorities (irish, chinese , indian ) do better than others (african, caribbean pakistani and bangladeshi)
- During 70’s and 80’s girls would do better in biology and english literature , whereas boys would do better in physics and maths
- During 80’s boys got better A Levels than girls
- 2008 Girls did better in science and english than boys in Key Stage 2
Name 2 home factors that can affect education
Material Deprivation - Parents don’t have resources to support child
Cultural Deprivation - Parents (based on ethnicity) have different ambitions/beliefs on education. So some don’t believe that child will succeed in education so child doesn’t try.
Name 3 school factors that can affect child’s performance in education
Labelling - If child is labelled negatively by teacher, pupil can conform to label, creating a self-fulfilling prophecy. Or work to change label to creating a halo affect.
Streaming/Setting - Placing children in sets or streams can make child either succeed in education or fail depending in the set or stream they are put in
Subcultures - Subcultures can either affect a pupil’s performance. Depending on the morals established in said culture or labels e.g. The Lads - Subculture of working class boys, who misbehaved and did poorly at school because of being labelled as underachievers.
Name some government policies that affected educational performance
Curriculum 2000 - Core subjects introduced like Maths, Science, English and IT
EMA’s - An allowance is given to those from working-class families who continued in education after GCSE’s
National League Tables - Tables were created to measure performance amongst schools, with the best schools appearing at the top. Creating competition between schools to be at the top of the table.
1944 Butler ‘ Tripartite’ Act - Children given an education based on ability, rather than parent’s ability to pay.
What is the Hidden Curriculum?
Things taught subliminally or secretly in school that are not part of the curriculum, to help you in later life. E.g. competition (so we understand how to compete with others)
What is setting in education?
When students are in different sets for different classes depending on their ability
What is streaming in education?
When students are in the same set for all classes, students who are bright in all asubjects being in the top stream. Moving between streams are rare.
What does Mixed Ability mean in education?
When students are put in classes on the basis of factors rather than ability
What are some problems with mixed ability classes?
Language barriers stop children from learning much
Less able children are not pushed enough so they don’t produce work or progress, so cause distractions
Higher ability children are not able to move forward as the pace of the class depends on the lower abled students as well.
What is labelling? Name two types?
Process of passing a judgement there are two types:
Self-fulfilling Prophecy- 1. Teacher passes judgement on a student/child e.g. “You will never pass”
- Upon this children become demotivated
- After this they end up failing
Halo-affect - 1. Teacher passes judgement on a student/child e.g. “You will never pass”
- Upon this children becomes motivated
- After this they end up succeeding
A Case Study on education
Paul Willis ‘The Lads’ - Paul Willis found out that working class boys didn’t work hard in school, instead behaved poorly and played around. They believed they would work in a factory, so don’t take education seriously.
Home Factors nad School Factors in Education
- Labelling
- Subcultures
- Streaming and Setting
- Racism
- Gender
- Disability
- Location
- Prejudice
+ Material Deprivation: Poor housing, lack of resources such as books and computers due to lack of money
+ Cultural Deprivation: Lacking not having the norms and values which encourages education which is learnt through family
+ Language
+ Class
+ Ethnicity/Culture
+ Parental Expectations
Reasons for differences in attainment in ethnicities?
Social Class: Ethnic minority students fail due to social and economic deprivation
Parental Expectation: Parents have high expectations of their children, this can have both positive and negative outlooks
Type of School: Comprehensive schools have had a range of influences (quality of teaching and resources)
Racism: Ethnic minority students (black African/ Carribean) receive more negative attention, even if not involved with the matter
Lack of Role Models: Teachers of ethnic minority backgrounds are underrepresented in schools. Especially in places of authority
Effects of Gender in Education
- In the 90’s girls didn’t do certain subjects that were more numerical. So picked more literary ones
- Girl’s couldnt do maths and physics, but now do better than boys in education, coming out with more GCSE grades and A Level grades
- Sex Discrimination Act made it illegal to discriminate in education. Equal oppotunity policies formed to help girls get into certain job sectors and pick certain subjects e.g: GIST = Girls In Science and Tech
- Less single sex schools, meaning equal curriculum across all schools, no segregated curriculms.
