Education topic 1 - external factors

Question 1

Which social class performs better in education?

Answer 1

Middle class

Question 2

What percentage of British children are educated in private schools?

Answer 2

7%

Question 3

What is cultural deprivation?

Answer 3

When students lack the
‘cultural equipment’ to do well in school

Question 4

Examples of cultural equipment

Answer 4

Language, self-discipline and reasoning skills

Question 5

By the age of three how fare behind are working class students in comparison to middle class?

Answer 5

1 year

Question 6

Who do cultural deprivation theorists blame for underachievement of working class students?

Answer 6

The parents

Question 7

What did Bernstein identify?

Answer 7

Difference between the language used by middle and working class

Question 8

What is the elaborated code?

Answer 8

wider vocab, based on longer, grammatically more
complex sentences

Question 9

What was Bernstein’s key concept regarding cultural deprivation?

Answer 9

Elaborated and restricted code

Question 10

What is Bernstein’s key concepts on cultural deprivation?

Answer 10

Elaborated and restricted codes

Question 11

Which social class typically uses the elaborated code?

Answer 11

Middle class

Question 12

What is the restricted code?

Answer 12

Limited vocab and
based on the use of short often
unfinished grammatically simple
sentences

Question 13

Which social class typically uses the restricted code?

Answer 13

Working class

Question 14

What is the impact of using the restricted code?

Answer 14

Underachieving in schools as as some children fail to develop the
necessary language skills

Question 15

How does the elaborated code advantage middle class students

Answer 15

elaborated code is used by the middle class teachers,
text books and exams. It is seen as the correct way to speak and write.

Question 16

AO3: How is Bernstein different to other cultural deprivation theorists?

Answer 16

Bernstein does not blame home for not properly
socialising children instead he says it should be the schools responsibility to
teach students the elaborated code

Question 17

What did Douglas find?

Answer 17

working class parents place less value on education

Question 18

Result of parents placing less emphasis on education?

Answer 18

• less ambition for their own children
• Gave less encouragement
• Took less interest
• Visited schools less
• Less likely to discuss child progress with teachers

Question 19

What did Feinstein argue?

Answer 19

middle-class parents tend to be better educated and as such socialise children to be more positive toward education

Question 20

Feinstein’s view on parenting style

Answer 20

Educated parents’ parenting = consistent discipline and high expectations.
Less educated parents = harsher or inconsistent with discipline

Question 21

Feinstein’s view on parental educational behaviours

Answer 21

Educated parents engage in behaviours such as reading, visiting educational places & foster relationships with teachers.

Question 23

Feinstein’s view on parental use of income

Answer 23

Better educated parents have higher incomes that they spend on
promoting their children’s educational success e.g. educational toys

Question 24

How is parents education key to student educational success?

Answer 24

Better educated parents tend to have more successful children at
school regardless of class