educational policies

Question 1

socially democratic (placing equal opportunity first)

Answer 1

Labour:
- 1965 comprehensivisation
- following ruskin speech 1976 labour took a more vocational approach to establish parity of esteem (youth training schemes)

Question 2

conservative (neoliberal)

Answer 2

New right:
- specialist schools (to raise standards and allow for specialisation)
- academies to allow for business running (moreover, some were outsourced to companies for competition)
- league tables (allowing parentocracy)
- national curriculum
- Ofsted

Question 3

New labour (from 1997)

Answer 3

progressed with traditional labour policies but adapted their ways due to marketisation policies enacted by the previous conservatives

• kept specialist schools and vocationalism
• 1998 New Deal to combat youth unemployment
• Sure start (aimed at tackling deprivation and gave children in disadvantaged communities free nursery)
• education action zones

Question 4

criticisms of New labour

Answer 4

Ball: continued the issues of choice inequality that was evident under conservatives

Question 5

strengths of new labour

Answer 5

• sats and gcse scores have improved
• greater variety of both schools and choices (apprenticeships)