EENT Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is tinnitus?
subjective ringing, buzzing etc in the ear
What is diplopia?
two images of an object seen simultaneously
What is dysphagia?
inability or difficulty swallowing
What is dysarthria?
impairment or clumsiness in uttering words
What is nystagmus?
involuntary back and forth or cyclical movement of the eyes
What is hematemesis?
vomiting of blood
What is hemoptysis?
blood from nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi or lungs
What is Ludwig’s angina?
inflammation of subcutaneous tissue adjacent to submaxillary gland
What is angioedema?
edematous areas of skin, mucous membranes or internal organs (usually related to hives)
What is cataracts?
-Most common cause of vision loss and blindness
-Clouding of the lens (behind the iris and pupil) caused by protein clumping together.
What are the signs and symptoms of cataracts?
-Fogging of the lens causes less light to reach the retina causing even increased difficulty w night vision
-Bright light may become too bright or have halos
-Blurred or double vision (diplopia) when looking w one eye
What is glaucoma?
-Buildup of intraocular pressure in the eye leading to optic nerve damage, hereditary and happens later in life
-Aqueous humour fluid is over produced or can’t drain properly causing increase in pressure
-Without treatment can cause permanent blindness
-Seeing halos, vision loss, redness, pain, NV, blurred vision
What are the risk factors for glaucoma?
-Family Hx
-Vision issues
-DM
-Steroid use
-Eye injury
-Thin corneas
-HTN
-CAD
-SCA
What is retinal detachment?
-Retina detaches from the vascular layer of the eye (removing it’s blood supply)
-Can tear before detachment (same s/s)
-Tear causes fluid to leak and separate retina from its tissues
-If left untreated will lead to vision loss
S&S:
-Floaters
-Flashes
-Darkness
-Curtains
What is Otitis media/externa?
-Inflammation/fluid build up in the middle/outer ear
-Most common in children between 3mos and 3yrs (eustachian tubes are underdeveloped)
-Can be viral or bacterial and usually associated w a cold
What are the signs and symptoms of otitis media/externa?
-Otorrhea
-Headache
-Fever
-Irritable
-Localizing
-NVD
-Pain
-Hearing impairment
What is a perforated eardrum?
-Hole in the tympanic membrane (eardrum)
-Causes: Infection (otitis media), trauma, surgical complication, pressure, loud noises and poor cleaning habits
S/S:
-Hearing loss
-Tinnitus
-Earache
-Vertigo
-Discharge of mucous
What is vertigo?
-Sensation of moving/spinning or the objects around are moving when they are not
-Peripheral Vertigo (inner ear) or central vertigo is a tumor or issue with brain stem, cerebellum or other area of CNS
-Usually caused by an inner ear problem related to Calcium deposits, Fluid (infection or not) or injury
What are the signs and symptoms of vertigo?
-Dizziness
-NV
-Unsteady gait
-Headache
-Diaphoresis
-Tinnitus
What is BPPV?
bits of calcium roll around in semi-circular canals giving false sense of motion
What is Meniere’s?
increase in natural fluid in inner ear
What is labrythitis?
Viral infection of inner ear
What is a peritonsillar abscess?
-Abscess forms in the throat near the tonsils (not the same as tonsillitis)
-More common in adults
-Usually a complication associated with tonsilitis (strep) and frequently will have had recent infection
-Generally won’t happen in those w tonsillectomy
What are the signs and symptoms of a peritonsillar abscess?
-Fever
-Pain (one sided)
-Redness
-Swelling
-Trismus
-Change in voice
