EENT Flashcards
(19 cards)
Right Right Right/Left Left Left
eye exam-use right hand and right eye to exam patients right eye. Same for left
Optic disk to fobia of both eyes. what is normal?
donut like with orange/pink rim, central depression (cup). Cup/Disk ratio cup is 1/2 size of disk. If cup is larger than half = glaucoma.
Eyes- arteries are redder and narrower than veins. what is AV ratio?
AV ratio is 2:3 or 4:5.
What are cotton wool spots and what do they indicate?
little blurs in eyes that indicate hypertension
AV nicking?
A bridge look, indicates hypertension
macular degeneration
degeneration of the central vision of eye, leading cause of vision loss, often asymptomatic until very late in the picture. “blurry vision”
Vision acuity 20/20 is perfect. What is the variance?
larger the denominator equals poorer vision. Top number is normal vision 20. “what normal person can see at 20 ft.” Lower number is patient’s vision.
20/40 equals what a normal person can see at 40 ft, patient can see at 20 feet.
what is the term for far sightedness?
hyperopia. More common in older person. Need to pull menu further away to read for example
What is near sightedness?
Myoopia. More common in younger. See things up close better.
Presiopia
starts around age 40, have harder time keeping focus at near distance. Weakness of cyliary muscles. Note by glasses off, looking around.
Terishiam
dry flaky skin on thin, non cancer growth on conjunctiva. More common in dry states
Holelium
Hurts! Stye. Infectious usually. Staph. Ubrupt onset. Localized mass in eye lid top or bottom. Treatment- Hot compresses 4-5 x/ day. Or abx clindamycin. bactrim. should heal within 2-3 days. Refer if not
choleziam
retention cyst of mibomyam gland. Not tender. Swollen. Eye lid . Mgt- warm compresses. Refer out.
blepharitis
staph infection. red, scally, greasy, flakes stuck on lid margins, burning itching tearing. Tough to get off. Tx- warm compresssion, erythmycin, bacitracin ointment. tooth brush or mascera brush.
conjuctivitis-most common eye disorder
blurred vision, itchiness, burning tearing, red. mucopurulent discharge, no pain.
Differentials-
1.chemical irritant- flush eye with normal saline or water
2.bacterial purulent discharge/red eye- abx drops or ointment like levofloxacin. if not resolved, refer
3.allergic red eye, stringy discharge- oral antihistamine, refer to allergy MD. No steriods.
4. Viral-red eye, watery discharge. Tx cool compresses, nsaids
5. red eye, bright red, irriated- refer to opthmalogy
6. red eye, copous purulent discharge- gonorhea/clamidia. Refer to opthlamogy. Cephatriaxone shot and azithromycin
7. pain in eye- emergency room. not conjuctivitis
glaucoma is what? What is normal IOP?
Glaucoma is increased Intra Ocular pressure. Normal IOP 10-20
Glaucoma acute closed angle
67 IOP
Open or CLosed Acute or Chronic
angle is open chronic
angle is closed acute
