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EENT - Soft Chalk Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

What are the s/s of periorbital cellulitis?

A

Periorbital erythema and edema
Fever
Nasal drainage

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2
Q

Management of periorbital cellulitis includes?

A

Aggressive antibtx therapy (IM/IV)

Possible surgical consult

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3
Q

What are the S/S of blepharitis?

A

Inflamed upper lid margin
Red conjunctiva
Mattering along upper eyelid
Feeling of foreign body in eye

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4
Q

What is used to measure intraocular pressure?

A

Tonometer

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5
Q

Differential DX for white pupil reflex in a child?

A

Retinoblastoma
Cataracts
Other retinal problems

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6
Q

What is the treatment for Blepharitis?

A

Warm compresses
Gentle debridement
Topical antibiotx

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7
Q

Acute conjunctivitis at birth may be caused by?

A

Nesseria gonnorhae

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8
Q

At what age does vision progress to 20/20 to 20/25?

A

6 years of age

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9
Q

Rare retinal tumor in children?

A

Retinoblastoma

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10
Q

A patient with narrow angle glaucoma should avoid which OTC medications?

A

OTC cold medications (antihistamines and decongestants)

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11
Q

What can occur with chronic inflammation of the meibomian gland?

A

Chalazion

NOTE: May require I&D, may be secondary to internal hordeolum

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12
Q

Signs and symptoms of hordeolum?

A

Eyelid margin erythema with tender, palpable, localized mass

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13
Q

What visual problem is consistent with macular degeneration?

A

Loss of central vision

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14
Q

Signs and symptoms consistent w/allergic conjunctivitis?

A

Itching
Clear discharge
Conjunctiva injected

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15
Q

At what age do you refer persistent dacryostenosis to an ophthalmologist?

A

4 months

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16
Q

Treatment for hordeolum?

A

Warm compresses
Topical antibiotx
I&D may be required

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17
Q

Causes of cataracts in children?

A 
Strabismus
Trauma to cornea
Long-term steroid use
Maternal prenatal infection
Prematurity
Trisomy 21
DM
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18
Q

When do frontal sinuses develop?

A

4-6 yrs old

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19
Q

Which drug choice is most appropriate for allergic rhinitis?

A

Nasal corticosteroid

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20
Q

Prophylaxis for allergic rhinitis?

A

Topical corticosteroid
Chromolyn sodium (mast cell stabilizer)
Saline rinses

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21
Q

Epistaxis in a 2-yr-old is unusual and warrant further investigation. True or False?

22
Q

What do antitussives do (dextramethoraphan)?

23
Q

What do analgesics do (acetaminophen)?

Study These Flashcards
A

Relieves body aches

24
Q

What do nasal decongestants do (pseudoephedrine)?

Study These Flashcards
A

Relieves nasal stuffiness

25
What does a 1st generation antihistamine do (diphenhydramine)?
Relieves a runny nose
26
Name some factors that can increase risk for hearing loss in a child:
``` Premature birth Cleft palate Vital meningitis Decreased birth weight Family history Head trauma Ototoxic drugs Hyperbilirubin ```
27
What are some increased risks for AOM?
``` Day care Sibling history 2nd hand tobacco smoke exposure Bottle feeding Cleft palate Native American/Eskimo heritage ```
28
Otitis media, obstructed eustachian tubes, and labrynthitis can cause?
Vertigo
29
What diagnostic test will help to confirm the presence of fluid in the middle ear?
Tympanometry
30
Treatment for otitis externa?
Topical antibiotics and topical steroid drops | Analgesia
31
Rhinne test is a test of _________ hearing loss.
Sensorineural AC>BC 2:1
32
Signs and symptoms of OM w/effusion (Serous OM):
TM opaque | Decreased TM mobility w/o inflammation
33
What are the signs and symptoms of AOM?
Bulging TM Cloudy TM Immobile TM Distinctly red TM
34
When checking pneumatic pressure for TM mobility, what might you see?
If TM moves, eustachian tube is open | If TM does not move, middle ear has pressure
35
What do "bubbles" indicate on otoscopic exam of ear?
Middle ear effusion
36
Decreased visualization of ear bones and light reflex may be a condition of?
Acute otitis media
37
What can cause middle ear effusion?
Eustachian tube blockage (fluid has built up, pt may be more prone to AOM or acute middle ear effusion infection)
38
What is the technique for examining a patient with otoscope?
Hold otoscope like a pen Straighten ear canal (pull Up = adUlt, pull Down = chilD) Speculum held to triages (hand on cheek)
39
Asymmetrical swelling of tonsils, uvula, hyperextension of neck, with a throaty voice may be?
Epiglotitis
40
What teaching tool is helpful to parents for preventing thrush in children?
Sterilize pacifiers and nipples
41
Name a few beta lactam antibiotics:
Augmentin 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins 3rd and 4th generation floroquinolones
42
What are S/S of infectious mononucleosis?
Sore throat Fatigue Platine petechiae Posterior cervical adenopathy
43
If a toddler-preschool aged child came in with S/S of sore throat/fever, vesiculated ulcerations on tonsils and uvula, what might be a diagnosis?
Hyperangina (coxsackie virus)
44
On evaluation of patient, you see grayish membrane on the uvula and pharynx, what is this?
Diptheria
45
Patient presents with S/S sore throat/fever, oral or pharyngeal ulcerations, lesions on the hands/feet. What is your diagnosis?
Hand, foot and mouth disease (coxsackie virus)
46
Mono spot (mononucleosis) is most likely to be positive how many weeks after infection?
2-3 weeks
47
A "hot potato" voice is indicative of?
Peritonsillar abscess
48
In a child with thrush, when should parents apply nystatin - before or after eating?
After
49
When diagnosis pharyngitis - what table is used to determine if an antibiotic is required?
``` Centor Score: 1 pt - no cough 1 pt - swollen tender cervical nodes 1 pt - fever 1 pt - tonsillar exudates/swelling ``` Later: Age Modified 44:-1 Score 0-1: no test, no treat Score 2-3: test, treat positives Score 4 or >: treat, no test
50
Why do you treat bacterial (Grp A Hemolytic Strep) pharyngitis?
``` This bacteria can cause: Rheumatic fever Heart disease Peritonsillar abscess Retro-pharyngeal abscess,pain ```
51
Pharyngitis is mostly bacterial or viral?
Viral - >80% may have a virus

EENT - Soft Chalk (1 decks)

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