Effects of Aerobic Exercise - Class 6

Question 1

pressor response

Answer 1

sympathetic nervous system from stimulation of myelinated and unmyelinated nerves in exercising muscles

Question 2

physiological effects

Answer 2

pressor response

cardiac effects

net reduction in total peripheral resistance

increased CO and systolic BP

rapid changes in respiratory rate*

Question 3

there is –> pressor response

Answer 3

generalized vasoconstriction in non exercising muscles

Question 4

there is increased –> pressor response

Answer 4

myocardial contractility

heart rate

systolic BP

results in marked increase in CO

Question 5

cardiac effects –> increase

Answer 5

frequency of SA node depolarization

force development of cardiac myofibers

SNS stimulation

Question 6

cardiac effects –> decrease

Answer 6

vagal stimuli

Question 7

net reduction in total peripheral resistance is d/t

Answer 7

locally mediated reduction in resistance of arterial bed of working muscle(s)

Question 8

what is the decreased resistance caused by –> net reduction in total peripheral resistance

Answer 8

metabolites –> independent of ANS stimulation

Question 9

veins of working and non-working muscle –> net reduction in total peripheral resistance

Answer 9

remained constricted

Question 10

rapid changes in respiratory rate

Answer 10

even before initiation of exercise

Question 11

alveolar respiration –> rapid changes in respiratory rate

Answer 11

increased up to 10-20 fold during intense exercise

–> to supply additional O2 needed and excrete excess CO2 produced by exercise

Question 12

additional O2 to muscles

Answer 12

increased blood flow and oxygen extraction

Question 13

increased oxygen extraction

Answer 13

decreased of PO2

CO2 production

Question 14

decreased PO2 –> increased oxygen extraction

Answer 14

occurs secondary to use in working muscle(s)

Question 15

CO2 production –> increased oxygen extraction

Answer 15

causes tissue to become acidotic

tissue temp increase –> causing a right shift and dissociating more O2

Question 16

determinants of aerobic exercise program

Answer 16

frequency

intensity

Question 17

frequency

Answer 17

no clear cut info on optimal frequency

Question 18

general guidelines –> frequency

Answer 18

3-4 times a week

Question 19

ACSM PA guidelines –> frequency

Answer 19

150 minutes of moderate intensity exercise activity every week

30 min 5 days a week

Question 20

intensity

Answer 20

overload principle applies

Question 21

when does conditioning response generally occur –> intensity

Answer 21

60-90% maximum HR

50-85% VO2 max

Question 22

for healthy young individuals –> intensity

Answer 22

70% HR max

Question 23

for deconditioned individuals –> intensity

Answer 23

50% HR max

Question 24

in young healthy individuals

Answer 24

intensity can be determined in a variety of ways

Question 25

determining intensity for a healthy young individual

Answer 25

maximum performs multistage stress test extrapolated from max HR on submaximal test 220-age is less accurate estimate

Question 26

determine target exercise HR

Answer 26

% range of estimated or measured HR max karvonen equation

Question 27

karvonen equation

Answer 27

Exercise HR = HR(rest) + 60-70% (HR max - HR rest)

Question 28

how long should we exercise at 60-70% of HR max

Answer 28

20-30 min

Question 29

lower intensity likely require

Answer 29

longer sessions

Question 30

what would a deconditioned individual benefit from

Answer 30

multiple smaller sessions throughout the day

Question 31

numerous exercise types

Answer 31

elicit stimulus and training response

Question 32

what is most important --> elicit stimulus and training response

Answer 32

that large muscle groups are worked in rhythmic aerobic fashion

Question 33

what needs to be planned --> elicit stimulus and training response

Answer 33

to meet needs and capacity of the pt

Question 34

reversibility

Answer 34

occurs rapidly

Question 35

when are reductions in work capacity measured

Answer 35

after 2 weeks of detraining

Question 36

improvements will be lost

Answer 36

in several months

Question 37

reversibility

Answer 37

amount required to maintain significantly less than required to improve

Question 38

when are physiological responses seen

Answer 38

at rest

Question 39

physiological responses (1)

Answer 39

decreased HR and BP increased hemoglobin and blood volume larger long volumes and diffusion capacities muscle hypertrophy and increase capillary density

Question 40

physiological responses (2)

Answer 40

increased number and size of mitochondria increases engagement socially decreases threat of associated pain

Question 41

appropriately dosed exercise --> physiological responses

Answer 41

may elicit exercise induced hyperalgesia

Question 42

majority of Americans ages 18-64

Answer 42

do not meet recommended activity guidelines

Question 43

most of our pts

Answer 43

not regularly active

Question 44

what should we recommend

Answer 44

easy movements

Question 45

how should we disguise aerobic exercise

Answer 45

as a warm up

Question 46

what should we educate

Answer 46

incorporation into everyday activities

Question 47

make recommendations on

Answer 47

ways to begin increasing activity stress it is not a 0 sum equation --> some is always better than none

Question 48

what should we leverage

Answer 48

additional benefits of CV exercise

Question 49

monitoriing progress/response

Answer 49

HR response distance work RPE HR recovery time BP