Effects of Technological developments Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is mass production?
The large-scale, highly mechanised industrial production of products.
How did the industrial revolution affect consumer society?
It allowed affordable products to be produced on a large scale, making them accessible to a broader population.
What role did Henry Ford play in mass production?
He pioneered the division of labour to drastically reduce car production times.
In which decade did mass-consumerism particularly blossom?
The 1930s.
What are some factors that encouraged the growth of mass consumerism?
- Advertising
- Packaging
- Marketing
- Styling trends, such as streamlining.
What is built-in (planned) obsolescence?
The design and manufacture of products requiring replacement on a regular basis.
What is an example of planned obsolescence in the early 20th century?
A cartel of light bulb manufacturers deliberately shortened the life expectancy of light bulbs.
What is postponement obsolescence?
Manufacturers releasing versions of products that are not equipped with their ultimate capabilities.
How has mass production affected employment?
It has led to a reduction in the number of skilled workers needed due to mechanisation.
What are some negative consequences of mechanised industries?
- Poor working conditions
- Low wages
- Industrial unrest
- Environmental pollution.
What are lean production initiatives like Kaizen aimed at?
Involving and motivating workers at all levels to improve quality of manufacturing.
What technological advances contributed to the ‘new’ industrial age of high-technology production?
- Advances in computing and electronics
- Developments in materials such as composites and polymers.
What impact did the invention of the transistor have on product development?
It enabled portable radios and reduced the size of other electronic products.
What was the significance of the microelectronic ICs developed in the 1960s?
They allowed for more powerful computers and highly portable devices.
Fill in the blank: The development of _______ allowed for reliable, wear-free storage of digital files.
CD.
What are some advantages of relocating manufacturing to developing countries?
- Cost savings due to lower wages
- Financial incentives from countries
- Local area regeneration.
What are some disadvantages of manufacturing in developing countries?
- Environmental pollution
- Low safety standards
- Exploitation of child labour.
True or False: Companies that manufacture in developing countries always have a positive impact on the local economy.
False.
What is the relationship between cultural understanding and global marketing?
Companies must research markets to ensure products are appropriate and do not cause cultural offence.
What is an example of a cultural difference in color symbolism?
White symbolizes purity in the West but is associated with death in China.
What is a significant concern regarding mass consumerism in the 21st century?
Its impact on the environment is becoming increasingly apparent.
What is the impact of advertising on consumer behavior?
It encourages consumers to buy more products and influences trends.
What is the role of technological advancements in the miniaturization of products?
They have led to increasingly powerful and affordable electronic devices.
