Efm Flashcards
(29 cards)
What is the primary function of the endocrine system?
Regulates body activities and stimulates other glands to secrete hormones
The endocrine system works closely with other body systems to maintain homeostasis.
What is glucagon?
Hormone produced by pancreatic alpha cells that stimulates the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose.
What is insulin?
Hormone produced by pancreatic beta cells that allows body cells to use glucose for energy or store it as glycogen.
Define ‘sympathomimetic.’
Agent that mimics the effects of the sympathetic nervous system.
What is the pituitary gland also known as?
Master gland.
Where is the thyroid gland located?
In the neck just below the larynx.
What hormone is secreted by the parathyroid glands?
Parathyroid hormone (PTH).
What hormones do the adrenal medulla secrete?
Epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline).
Fill in the blank: The thymus gland secretes _______.
Thymosin.
What is hypercalcemia?
Condition in which the calcium level in the blood is higher than normal.
What does the term ‘acromegaly’ refer to?
Hypersecretion of growth hormone in adults, resulting in enlargement of bones in extremities and head.
What is dwarfism?
Hyposecretion of growth hormone during childhood, resulting in extreme shortness in stature.
What does the prefix ‘hyper-‘ mean?
Excessive/Above normal.
What is gestational diabetes?
Diabetes that develops during pregnancy.
True or False: The pancreas functions only as an endocrine gland.
False.
What is the role of melatonin?
Although not fully established, it is secreted by the pineal gland.
What does the term ‘glycosuria’ mean?
Abnormal amount of glucose in the urine.
What is the definition of ‘diuresis’?
Increased formation and secretion of urine.
What is the thyroid storm?
Crisis of uncontrolled hyperthyroidism due to increased thyroid hormone in the bloodstream.
What is the function of the HbA1c test?
Measures average blood sugar levels over the past 3 months.
What is the combining form for ‘adrenal gland’?
Adren/o.
What does the suffix ‘-uria’ refer to?
Urine.
What condition is characterized by excessive thirst and urination due to inadequate production of ADH?
Diabetes Insipidus.
What is the term for excessive hair growth anywhere on the body?
Hypertrichosis.
