EFT for Trauma Ch 2 Treatment Model

Question 1

What are the 2 pathways to resolution that were observed in EFT with trauma clients?

Answer 1

1. Increased acceptance and warmth towards offenders (particularly those who were primary attachment figures)
2. Feeling more autonomous and separate from offenders, not more accepting of offenders but they did become less threatening

Question 2

What are the 2 theories of change in EFTT

Answer 2

1. Providing a safe therapeutic relationship

2. working with memories

Question 3

Whar does Emotional processing of complex trauma involve in EFT

Answer 3

1. Desensitization to painful feelings and memories
2. ALSO active construction of new idiosyncratic meaning, that is, a more adaptive and coherent view of self, others, and traumatic events
3. requires the application of rational/linguistic processes to trauma material that is encoded in the experiential system but has remained unprocessed or has been processed incompletely

Question 4

What is an indicator of trauma resolution?

Answer 4

trauma narratives become more coherent, personal, affectively focused, and self-reflectiv

Question 5

What does Empathic respond- ing to client feelings achieve?

Answer 5

enhance the emotion regulation capacities help clients access, identify, and accurately label the full range of emotions and associated meanings, modulate the intensity of emotion (up-regulate and down-regulate), and teach appropriate emotional expression

Question 6

What is marker-driven intervention?

Answer 6

An if then approach

• identification of different types of emotions and associated processing difficulties
• use as in-session markers for initiating specific therapeutic intervention

“if the client presents marker X, then the therapist should do intervention Y.

Question 7

What is the foundation of all the intervention principles

Answer 7

Directing attention

Attentional processes are central in determining what people experience and in generating truly novel experience and performance. Attending to new features of experience, which previously were minimized or glossed over, will produce new awareness and new meaning. By directing client attention and posing the right exploratory questions, new informa- tion becomes available

Question 8

When exploring meaning, therapists responses should explicitly highlight what?

Answer 8

Responses explicitly highlight client wants, needs, desires, and longings (e.g., wanting so much to please or be treated with respect; starving for attention)

When therapist responses do this, they reinforce clients’ motivation, promote growth, and help move the process forward.

Question 9

What are the 3 ways that empathic responses contribute to self-awareness and emotion regulation?

Answer 9

1. By focusing attention on client internal experience by com- municating interest and that the person and his or her feelings and perceptions are worthy of attention
2. By teaching accurate labeling of emotional experience
3. By helping clients to symbolize or articulate the meaning of their emotional experience

Question 10

Empathic responses increase or reduce emotional intensity?

Answer 10

Both

1. They can reduce arousal by providing under- standing, acceptance, and support
2. When clients are not experientially in touch with their feelings evocative language (e.g., outraged, tears you apart) can heighten arousal and activate emotional experience and memories, making them available for exploration

Therapists can also use evocative empathy to exaggerate and thus increase awareness of the internal messages that contribute to anxiety, rage, shame, or emotional overcontrol

Question 11

What does the therapist do in imaginal confrontation interventions?

Answer 11

(a) pro- mote psychological contact with the imagined other (e.g., vivid descriptions of the other, use of “I–you” language in dialogue with the imagined other); (
b) evoke episodic memories associated with abuse;
(c) explore and help clients overcome blocks to experiencing;
(d) differentiate feelings (e.g., anger, sadness) and associated meanings from global distress and upset;
(e) promote expression of unmet needs and entitlement to these needs (e.g., for protec- tion, love, justice); and
(f) explore shifting perceptions of self and imagined others.

Question 12

What are two chair enactments?

What are the goals?

Answer 12

Two-chair enactments involve a dialogue between two parts of self, for example, the self-critical part and the part that feels demeaned.

Goals are to increase awareness of maladaptive processes and agency in contributing to bad feelings and to access alternative healthy resources to challenge these feelings.