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Egypt Flashcards

(82 cards)

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1
Q

What was Egypt originally known as?

A

Kemet “black land”

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2
Q

What desert surrounds Egypt?

A

The Sahara Desert

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3
Q

What is the “Heart of Egypt”?

A

The Nile

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4
Q

What is the “Gift of the Nile”

A

Egypt

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5
Q

What is the worlds longest river?

A

The Nile River

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6
Q

What is the source of the Nile?

A

Lake Victoria

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7
Q

What does the Nile empty into?

A

Mediterranean Sea

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8
Q

What is silt?

A

Rich black soil- covers land-spring

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9
Q

What did most Egyptian do for work?

A

They were farmers

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10
Q

What are the 2 large kingdoms in Egypt?

A

The Upper and Lower kingdoms

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11
Q

Who untied the two kingdoms? And who was he?

A

Narmer he started the first Egyptian dynasty

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12
Q

What is a dynasty?

A

Line of family rulers

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13
Q

What 3 periods is Egyptian history divided into?

A

Old Kingdom-(2700 B.C.-2200 B.C.)
Middle Kingdom- (2050 B.C.-1800 B.C.)
New Kingdom- (1600 B.C.-945 B.C)

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14
Q

What was the Old Kingdom known as?

A

The Golden Age- powerful and wealthy

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15
Q

What does Pharaoh mean?

A

Great House

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16
Q

What was the old kingdoms government?

A

Theocracy

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17
Q

What is a theocracy?

A

Ruled by religious leaders

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18
Q

What is a bureaucracy?

A

Government officials

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19
Q

What was the government headed by?

A

The Vizer (Prime minister)

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20
Q

What are Pyramids?

A

Tombs for the kings during the Old Kingdom

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21
Q

What is the oldest Kingdom?

A

Step pyramid of Saqqara- built for Dioser 2600 B.C.

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22
Q

What are the last of the 7 ancient wonders of the world?

A 
Giza Pyramids (3) including the Great pyramid- built for Khufu 481 ft tall (50 stories) 
The Great Sphinx- (Guardian of the Pyramids)
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23
Q

What did the Great Sphinx look like?

A

Head of the pharaoh and the body of a lion.

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24
Q

What was the Middle Kingdom Age known as?

A

Classical Age- (art, literature, and trade)

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25
What is the largest temple on earth?
Temple of Karnak- built to honor Re/Ra
26
Why did the Middle Kingdom not have temples?
Because of grave robbers
27
What is the valley of the kings?
Vast underground burial passageways
28
What is the largest valley of the kings?
Ramses the Great over 1 mile underground
29
What is the Smallest valley of the kings burial passageway?
King Tutankhamen
30
Who found king tuts tomb?
A British man by the name of Howard Carter
31
What was the Capital city of upper Egypt?
Thebes
32
Who overthrew the Middle Kingdom?
The Hyksos (110 years of foreign occupation)
33
What was the new Kingdom know as? (The Age of)
The Age of military conquest, empire reached its peak in size
34
What are the 7 famous Pharaohs?
``` Thutmose Queen Hatshepsut Amenhotep IV Nefertiti King Tutankhamen Ramses the Great ```
35
Who was Thutmose?
Pharaoh at the time of the Exodus- MOSES "born of"
36
Who was Queen Hatshepsut?
Step mother of Moses the first women ruler in the ancient world
37
Who was Amenhotep IV?
He had a religious revolution he changed the Old polytheist religion to monotheistic
38
What does the God Aten mean?
One true God
39
What did Amenhotep change his name to?
Akhenaten
40
What was Akhenaten famous wife's name?
Nefertiti
41
Who was King Tutankhamen?
"The boy king" he restored the old polytheistic religion before his death
42
Who was Ramses the Great?
The greatest Egyptian ruler he ruled for 67 years (longest time)
43
How many sons did Ramses have?
52 sons and 58 daughters
44
Where was Ramses the Great buried?
In the Abu Simbel Temple ( his empire began to decline after his death)
45
What was the religion in mythology?
Polytheistic
46
What are the major gods in mythology?
``` Amen Ra Osiris Isis Horus Seth Sekhmet Anubis ```
47
Who is Amen Ra?
God of the sun/creator
48
Who is Osiris?
God of life/dead/underworld | First pharaoh according to Egyptian myth
49
Who is Isis?
Goddess of nature/magic/medicine or healing of disease
50
Who was Horus?
God of the sky son of Osiris and Isis
51
Who was Seth?
God of chaos/evil/storms (brother of Osiris)
52
Who was Sekhmet?
Goddess of destruction the daughter of Amen Ra
53
Who was Anubis?
God of mummification
54
What is an Obelisk?
Symbol of the sun god Ra like the Washington monument
55
What was the purpose of their elaborate tombs?
To preserve the body for the afterlife
56
How long did the Embalming process take?
70 days
57
What are Amulets?
Jewelry wrapped in the linens for protection!
58
What did the Scarab Beetle represent?
It represented rebirth
59
What is a Ushabtis?
A small figure used to represent the deceased as slaves put in tombs
60
Why mummification?
At death the Ka separated from the Ba- for the afterlife the body must be preserved so the Ka could recognize the Ba and reunite!
61
What is the Ka and Ba?
Ka(soul) | Ba(body)
62
What were the tombs filled with?
Food clothes jewelry weapons furniture etc Everything needed for the journey down the Nile to the afterlife A boat
63
What is the realm of the dead?
Duat
64
What is the Boom of the Dead?
Prayers and magic spells-guide
65
Who ran the judgment hall?
Osiris( god of death and the underworld)
66
What weighed against your heart in the judgment hall?
A feather
67
What did the feather represent?
Maat( the goddess of truth and goodness)
68
Who was Thoth?
Scribe god of wisdom and knowledge- recorded fate!
69
What was Aaru?
The new life in heaven
70
What was your two fates?
New life in heaven or devoured
71
Who was Ammit?
The eater of the dead (head of a crocodile)
72
What is Ankh? (Say Onkey) 🔑🗝
Symbol of eternal life (key of life)
73
What was their writing langauge?
Hieroglyphics (picture symbols)
74
What is the Rosetta Stone?
It broke Egyptian code
75
What are scribes?
The kept accurate records!
76
What did the Egyptians write on?
Papyrus reeds (used for paper)
77
What is a Legacy?
Contributions
78
What was Egypt know for?
Engineering medicine astronomy mathematics and the 365 day calendar
79
Who eventually overthrew Egypt in 31 B.C?
The Romans
80
Who was the last pharaoh? And what was the period know was?
Cleopatra who was half Egyptian and half Greek known as the Plotemaic period
81
How do they think Cleopatra died?
Suicide by taking an asp snake and letting it bite her on the breast.
82
What is a Cobra?
An asp snake

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