Egypt & China Flashcards
(17 cards)
Anyang
Part of Shang Dynasty 1300-1027 BC Last Shang Capital 6 km spread out along river No Enclosing Wall Ritual Core Large Houses on Hangtu platforms 1000’s of Oracle Bones Human & Animal Sacrifies 18 Miles Cemetery & Royal Tombs 13 MAJOR 30 ft deep Key Cultural Developments:
Inscribed Oracle Bones:
scapulae, Tortoise Shells; Prayers & Q’s to ancestors
Bronze Vessels:
Wealth. Used in feasts, ceremonies; Rulers buried with them
Taotie: (Dragon Face) K.C Chang and Wa
Imhotep
- First architect, engineer & physician in early history
- Served under King Djoser as High Priest of the Sun God RA.
- Few to be depicted as part of a pharaoh’s statue
Extracted Medicine from plants
Scorpion Macehead
shows Scorpion King as provider; also defeated some towns in Lower Egypt
Decorated macehead made of Limestone, pear-shaped and attributed to the Pharaoh Scorpion
-Scorpion engraved close to the image of a king
Erlitou
Capital of the Xia Dynasty
Huge palaces, elite graves
Jade, Turquoise in elite graves
750 acres
Discovered 1957
-Hang tu(rammed earth) construction were the bases of elite residences or palaces
-General Layout of the elite platforms: rectangular, facing south, with a main gate in the middle of the south side
Qin Shihuangdi
- his tomb (terra cotta army, etc)
- First Emperor of China
- Passed major economic & political reforms. Centralized bureaucracy
- Unified his Great Wall of China.
- Outlawed and burned books & buried scholars alive to ensure stability
- Qin Dynasty
- Rewrote History
Wangchenggang
(WCG, Mound of the Royal Town)
Elite Center
-Walled settlement = “Cheng”
-WCG: “Twin Town”, Hangtu Walls; oriented to cardinal directions
-Primary entrance on SW
-2000 People live there
-1 of about 30 such towns, each surrounded by small villages
-Jiangou- town that had a possible warfare with WCG
Nagada
Chiefdom part of the GERZEAN Period Upper Egypt Town Irrigation Walled Town Increases Trade Rectangular mud-brick house Status differences Royal Cemetery Cult center of Seth later on
The Sphinx:
Sited at the Giza Plateau by the Great Pyramids Head is Pharaoh Khafra By Nile River Protector of the Pyramids & Tombs Iconic image of Egypt Mans Head on Lions body
Hemudu Culture
Early Cultures to cultivate Rice Village (not city) Hemudu -Houses on Wooden Posts above marsh -Raised pigs & Water Buffalo -Pottery decorated by plants & animals but has flat bottom.
Banpo
Located by Yellow River Valley
15 acres surrounded by a Ditch, moat 5-6 meters wide
Houses Circular, built of mud and wood, made below the ground, supported by timber poles.
Associated with Yangshao Culture
Main Burials outside of the Moat
Pots within the burial
Kids buried in red pots & buried by their houses
–specialization – the 6 kilns and all of the pottery
The Bent Pyramid
- Located at the Royal Necropolis of Dahshur
- Second Pyramid built by Sneferu
- Transitional form between step sided and smooth sided pyramids
- Made as a security precaution in reaction to a collapse of the Meidum Pyramid
Nabta Playa
Nomadic groups settling down Oval Houses, Storage pits and wells Complex Religion/ritual Standing Stones, Tumuli with cattle Upper Egypt Neolithic Period
Nekhen
Upper Egypt Chiefdom 10,000 by 3500 BC Earliest known temple in Egypt-central area with offerings Specialized neighborhoods Plum-colored pots Ruler Burial in Tomb 100 Later becomes cult center for Horus
Cishan
Early Neolithic Period Part of North, Yellow River Basin Pit houses, Groundstone Domesticated millet, Chicken and Pigs Pottery: Tripod Vessels Led to Banpo
Oracle Bone:
Piece of Ox Scapulae used for Scapulimancy.
Shang Dynasty
Most Discovered in Anyang (and other Shang cities)
Questions were carved into the bone, heated then diviner would read the cracks.
Sidun
Site of South: Liangzhu Culture Had Early burial mounds 20 M High Huge Burial Construction= men with power Jade=sacred properties Flat rings called BI Tubes called CONG “Dragon” Faces-TAOTIE
Narmer Palette
- Period of Unification
- Earliest Hieroglyphic inscriptions
-Unification of Upper & Lower Egypt under King Narmer. One side-king is depicted with the bulbed White Crown of Upper Egypt & other side depicts the king wearing the level Red Crown of Lower Egypt
“First Historical Document in the World”
Shield shaped, ceremonial palette, carved from a single piece of flat siltstone.
Bears catfish & chisel symbols
