EH I Exam 2

Question 1

What is the periderm’s location relative to the basal layer and; what is it is main characteristic within the integumentary system?

Answer 1

The periderm is the external keratinized layer of the skin, and is the tough outer layer of the skin.

Question 2

What are the two functions of the VERNIX CASEOSA?

Answer 2

1. Protects the Fetus
2. Lubricates the fetus for Parturition
   : Vernix Caseosa is the white grease substance secreted by the the sebaceous glands.

Question 3

In patients with albinism, What enzyme do they lack to produce melanin? How is this trait passed?

Answer 3

-Tyrosinase
-Autosomal Recessive Trait

Question 4

What is the location of the dermal papillae, and what two structures do they contain?

Answer 4

The location of the dermal papillae is the dermis, and they contain blood vessels and nerves.

Question 5

What five bones derive from the first pharyngeal arch?

Answer 5

Maxillary prominence: Maxilla, Zygomatic bone, and Vomer
Mandibular Prominence: Mandible, Squamous part of temporal bone.

Question 6

What is the nerve supply for the first pharyngeal arch?

Answer 6

Trigeminal nerve (CN 5) 3rd branch

Question 7

What eight muscles derive form the first pharyngeal arch?

Answer 7

Muscles of Mastication: Masseter, Temporalis, Lateral and medial Pterygoids.
Suprahyoid muscles: Mylohyoid, anterior belly of the digastric
Tensor Veli Platatini of the soft palate
Tensor tympani

Question 8

What three bones derive form the second pharyngeal arch?

Answer 8

Lesser horn of the hyoid bone, Stapes of the middle ear, and Styloid process (skull: for chewing)

Question 9

what three muscle groups derive form the second pharyngeal arch?

Answer 9

Muscles of facial expression, stapeous of the middle ear, posterior belly of the digastric and stylohyoid.

Question 10

What is the nerve supply for the second pharyngeal arch?

Answer 10

Facial Nerve (CN 7)

Question 11

What two structures derive from the third pharyngeal arch?

Answer 11

1. The great horn of the hyoid bone
2. stylopharyngeus muscle

Question 12

What is the nerve supply for the third pharyngeal arch?

Answer 12

Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN 9)

Question 13

What structure are formed from the cartilaginous rods of the forth and sixth pharyngeal arch?

Answer 13

All laryngeal cartilages except the epiglottis cartilage.

Question 14

What three muscles come from the fourth pharyngeal arch?

Answer 14

-Constrictor muscles of the pharynx
-Cricothyroid muscle
-Levator veli palatini

Question 15

What structures form from the fifth pharyngeal arch?

Answer 15

None, often rudimentary.

Question 16

The first Pharyngeal pouch forms what four structures of the tubotympanic cavity?

Answer 16

-Tympanic Cavity
-Endoderm portion of the tympanic membrane
-pharyngotympanic tube
-Mastoid Antrum

Question 17

The second pharyngeal pouch forms what structure, and what immune system structure is it associated with?

Answer 17

The Tonsillar Fossa (site of development for the palatine tonsil)

Question 18

What two structure develop from the dorsal and ventral parts of the third pharyngeal pouch

Answer 18

Dorsal: inferior parathyroid gland
Ventral: Thymus

Question 19

What pair of pharyngeal grooves contribute to the external acoustic meatus (Ear hole)

Answer 19

First pharyngeal grooves

Question 20

What is the first endocrine gland to appear?

Answer 20

Thyroid gland