EKG

Question 1

State of Heart when polarized

Answer 1

Resting state

Question 2

State of Heart when depolarized

Answer 2

Contracting

Question 3

S1 Heart Sound

Answer 3

=onset of systole
Normal
Right at/after S wave

Question 4

S2 Heart Sound

Answer 4

=onset of diastole
Normal
Directly after T wave

Question 5

S3 Heart Sound

Answer 5

Ventricular Gallop
=Abnormal (CHF/Athletes)
After T wave

Question 6

S4

Answer 6

Atrial Gallop
abnormal (MI/Hypertension)
Right before Q wave

Question 7

Auscultation Aortic Valve

Answer 7

2nd/3rd intercostal right sternum

Question 8

Auscultation Pulmonic Valve

Answer 8

2nd/3rd intercostal left sternum

Question 9

Auscultation Bicuspid/ Mitral Valve

Answer 9

4th/5th intercostal left clavicular midline

Question 10

Auscultation Tricuspid Valve

Answer 10

5th/6th rib sternal left

Question 11

Cardiac Conduction system

Answer 11

S node
AV node
HIS bundle
Bundle Branchen
Purkinje

Question 12

Tachycardia

Answer 12

> 100bmp

Question 13

Bradycardia

Answer 13

<60bpm

Question 14

Normal HR

Answer 14

60-100bpm

Question 15

Normal EKG Response to Exercise

Answer 15

P wave - increased height
R wave - decreases
ST segment - sharp upslope
QT interval - shortens

Question 16

Heart Rate reading from EKG

Answer 16

• Count R intervals in 10sec X 6
• 300/150/100/75/60/50 rule per box

Question 17

Ventricular Tachycardia

Answer 17

Sawtooth pattern - regular
>200

Question 18

Ventricular Fibrillation

Answer 18

Irregular
All over the place

Question 19

Atrial Tachycardia

Answer 19

Also Supraventricular Tachycardia
>100bpm
P-Wave and T-wave combined

Question 20

Atrial Fibrillation

Answer 20

Crazy t-p interval

Question 21

Multivocal PVC

Answer 21

Wide and irregular QRS complex
Breakout

Question 22

Bigemini

Answer 22

PVC on every 2nd beat

Question 23

Trigemini

Answer 23

PVC on every 3rd beat

Question 24

Couplets

Answer 24

2 PVC in a row

Question 25

Triplets

Answer 25

3 PVCs in a row

Question 26

ST segment elevation

Answer 26

Myocardial Infarction >1mm =STEMI

Question 27

ST segment Depression

Answer 27

Upslopinh, downsloping, horizontal Myocardial Ischemia >2mm

Question 28

When to call 911 with ST segment elevation/depression?

Answer 28

ST elevation >1mm ST depression >2mm

Question 29

AV Block 1st degree

Answer 29

Delayed PR interval >0.2sec

Question 30

AV Block 2nd degree types

Answer 30

Type 1 (Wenkebach) Type 2 (Mobitz)

Question 31

2nd degree AV Block Type 1 (Wenkebach)

Answer 31

--> progressively longer P-R interval + Drop or absence if QRS

Question 32

2nd degree AV Block Type 2 Mobitz

Answer 32

Steady P-R interval + Dropped/absent QRS P's don't get through

Question 33

3rd degree AV Block

Answer 33

Complete block No relation P's and QRS --> Pacemaker

Question 34

What indicates Cardiac Output in EKG?

Answer 34

QRS Ventricular depolarization Exercise intolerance

Question 36

Inverted T Wave =

Answer 36

Myocardial Ischemia - Left ventricular hypertrophy Or - irritable heart, electrical signals go backwards

Question 38

Absolute Contraindications on EKG

Answer 38

Sustained V-Tach ST elevation>1mm

Question 39

Relative Contraindications on EKG

Answer 39

ST depression>2mm Downsloping ST Atrial Tachycardia PVCs Brady arrhythmia Heart Blocks

Question 40

What to do when relative Contraindications shows on EKG?

Answer 40

Stop exercise and reevaluate

Question 41

What is most likely observed in patient with Left side Heart failure?

Answer 41

Spasmodic COUGH -> Congestion TOWARDS lung

Question 42

Symptoms with 1st degree AV Block

Answer 42

No observable symptoms

Question 43

What change in Lung Volume reflects restrictive Lung Disease?

Answer 43

"Can't breath in" Decreased expiratory reserve volume Included in decreased Vital Capacity

Question 44

What change in Lung Volume indicates Obstructive Lung Disease?

Answer 44

Can't get air in and out "breathe through straw" Increased residual Volume Increased IRV Decreased FEV1/FEV ratio

Question 45

Normal Blood Pressure

Answer 45

<120 AND <80

Question 46

Elevated Blood Pressure

Answer 46

120-129 AND <80

Question 47

Stage 1 Hypertension

Answer 47

130-139 OR 80-89

Question 48

Stage 2 Hypertension

Answer 48

>140 OR >90