EKG

Question 1

pacemaker of heart

Answer 1

SA node

Question 2

communicates with right and left atria

Answer 2

Baukmens Bundle

Question 3

length of time for QRS complex is

Answer 3

less than 120 milisec

Question 4

QRS >120 milisec

Answer 4

BBB

Question 5

p wave >200 milisec

Answer 5

WPW

Question 6

characterized by presence of delta wave

Answer 6

WPW

Question 7

Lateral=
Inferior=
Septal=
Anterior

Answer 7

lateral=AVL, I, V5, V6
inferior=II, III, AVF
septal= V1, V2
anterior= V3, V4

Question 8

automaticity definition

Answer 8

cells are able to depolarize spontaneously

Question 9

rule of 300 only works for

Answer 9

regular rhythms

Question 10

10 second rule works well for

Answer 10

irregular rhythms

Question 11

incomplete pause

Answer 11

PAC

Question 12

atrial activity poorly defined. ventricular response is irregularly irregular. no p wave, rate >100

Answer 12

A-fib

Question 13

saw tooth appearance. atrial rate >300.

Answer 13

Aflutter

Question 14

temporally slow down Aflutter

Answer 14

vagal maneuvers

Question 15

lots of p waves of different shapes and sizes. irregularly irregular. found in severe COPD. 3 or more different appearing P waves. have to appear sick. >100 bpm

Answer 15

multifocal atrial tachycardia

Question 16

premature atrial complexes. PR interval is short. narrow complexes. tachy

Answer 16

SVT

Question 17

treat SVT

Answer 17

adenosine

Question 18

connection between atria and ventrial. skip AV node. WPW syndrome

Answer 18

AV reentry tachy

Question 19

treat AV reentry tachy

Answer 19

ablation

Question 20

use dual pathway within AV node. QRS is narrow

Answer 20

AV nodal reentry tachy

Question 21

treat AV nodal reentry tachy

Answer 21

adenosine. prevent with CCB

Question 22

extopic atrial focus

Answer 22

atrial tachy

Question 23

treat atrial tachy

Answer 23

BB

Question 24

significant Q wave

Answer 24

previous heart attack

Question 25

when width of Q wave is greater than .04 sec or amp >1/3 height R wave

Answer 25

significant Q wave

Question 26

compensatory pause. sinus node continues to discharge. initiates ventricular depol and makes the ventricle refractory to the supraventricular impulse

Answer 26

PVC

Question 27

If see wide wide QRS, what else do you want to know

Answer 27

clinical Hx to know if Vtach or SVT

Question 28

delay or total failure of impulse conduction through a part of the heart

Answer 28

Block

Question 29

PR interval is longer than .200 sec. need p wave before each QRS

Answer 29

1st degree AV block

Question 30

PR interval gets longer until a nonconducted P wave occurs. the RR interval of the pause is less than the two preceding RR intervals, and the RR interval after the pause is greater than the RR interval before the pause. look for group beating. goes away with activity.

Answer 30

2nd degree AV Block(Mobitz type 1, Wenckebach)

Question 31

PR interval are constant until a nonconducted P wave occurs. there must be two consecutive constant PR intervals present

Answer 31

2nd degree AV block(Mobitz type 2)

Question 32

Mobitz type 2 requires this for treatment

Answer 32

pacemaker

Question 33

complete block of signals from atria to ventricles. no synchronization between P and QRS. HR 60s or 40s

Answer 33

3rd degree AV block

Question 34

3rd degree AV block requires this for treatment

Answer 34

pacemaker

Question 35

Key is R-R' wave. 2 superimposed QRS complexes firing separately. QRS wider than .12 sec.

Answer 35

BBB

Question 36

what leads show RBBB

Answer 36

V1, V2

Question 37

what leads show LBBB

Answer 37

V5, V6. s wave in lead V1

Question 38

determining axis

Answer 38

look at AVF for positive(up) and negative(down) | look at lead I for positive(left), negative(right)

Question 39

look at lead V1 for biphasic p wave or p wave >1.5 mm

Answer 39

atrial hypertrophy

Question 40

amplitude of S wave in lead V1 and R wave V5 or 6 exceed 35mm

Answer 40

LVH

Question 41

tall R wave in RV leads, deep S waves in LV leads. increase in QRS duration

Answer 41

RVH

Question 42

ST depression means

Answer 42

subendocardial death or ischemia

Question 43

ST elevation means

Answer 43

full thickness death

Question 44

T wave inversion means

Answer 44

ischemia

Question 45

``` blood supply to heart LAD= left circumflex= right coronary= AV node= ```

Answer 45

LAD= anterior wall left circumflex= posterior lateral right coronary= right ventricle, inferior AV node= gets supply from RCA

Question 46

Rule for ischemic changes

Answer 46

have to see it in 2 or more continuous leads. 1 mm of elevation in limb leads and 2 mm in precordial leads

Question 47

ST depression in V1-3

Answer 47

posterior wall AMI

Question 48

depression in V1-3 is posterior vall MI along with II, III, AVF elevation

Answer 48

Inferoposterior AMI

Question 49

upright QRS complex in lead I and negative QRS complex in AVF

Answer 49

LAFB

Question 50

negative QRS complex in lead I and positive QRS complex in AVF

Answer 50

LPFB

Question 51

used in permanent pacemakers. simulates normal physiology of atrial contraction followed by ventricular depolarization

Answer 51

dual chamber atrioventricular pacing

Question 52

diffuse ST segment elevation means

Answer 52

pericarditis

Question 53

prominent U wave. U wave is typically a slight bump after T wave

Answer 53

Hypokalemia

Question 54

cove ST segment elevation in V1-3. sudden cardiac death

Answer 54

Brugada syndrome